Optimal Overcurrent Protection for Industrial Medium Voltage Network.
Eman
Eldesouki
North Delta Electricity Distribution Company, El Mansoura, Egypt
author
M.
Alaam
Department of Electrical Power & Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Refaat Azmy
Department of Electrical Power & Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Abnormal condition and faults in power systems can cause power supply interruption and sometimes equipment damage. Hence, there is an increasing need for an effective protection scheme. In order to obtain a secure and reliable protection system, an effective coordination has to be satisfied between backup and primary protection devices. The main objective of this paper is to select the optimal settings of overcurrent relays that achieve the minimum operating time for relays when subjected to abnormal conditions or faults. The coordination process between overcurrent relays inside the network is accomplished considering detecting the fault and tripping the nearest circuit breaker to disconnect the affected area without affecting other areas. This paper investigates the protection requirement of switchgears in a practical power plant and design a coordination set for all circuit breakers and overcurrent relays in the low and medium voltage areas. In addition, both linear programming and genetic-algorithm methodologies are used to optimize the values of time dial setting for different operating scenarios of power plants so as to achieve the minimum operating times of overcurrent relays.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
1
11
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101221_3739899058e2e1bafb6220b85edafdc1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101221
Spatial Diversity and Multiplexing Effects on Uplink Multi-hop LTE-Advanced.
E.
Abdelhay
Communication Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
F.
Zaki
Communication Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Sherif
Kishk
Communication Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
H.
Moustafa
Communication Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Multi-hop Relay networks are proposed to fulfill the demanding coverage and capacity requirements in both uplink and downlink for current applications in a cost efficient way. It can be used in IMT-Advanced technologies such as 3GPP LTE-Advanced. Spatial Diversity (SD) and Multiplexing (SM) have been adopted to improve the Signal to interference Noise Ratio (SINR) and spectrum efficiency in wireless networks. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of Spatial Diversity and Multiplexing based on Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) schemes in Uplink LTE-A. The average throughput, Throughput gain, and Mean File Transfer Time (MFTT) are considered as performance measures. The best Relay Station (RS) location in the cell was also estimated in order to improve LTE-A Uplink performance. The study takes into consideration the impact of Asymmetry between multi-hop links, the effect of different arrival rates from random positions of UEs in the cell. Resource blocks scheduling algorithm is used for more efficient use of resource blocks (RBs). Simulation results show effective improvement in uplink network performance by Combining Spatial Diversity and Multiplexing in 2x4MIMO system with RS at 50% of cell radius towards cell edge.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
12
21
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101222_9d7422a6bbb7f8697c7b501e69f244f1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101222
A New Constructed Geometry of a Switched Reluctance Motor for Reduced Torque Ripple.
M.
Hamouda
Electrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
author
A.
Amin
Electrical Engineering Department., Mansoura University., Mansoura 35516., Egypt.
author
E.
Gouda
Electrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
This paper presents a proposed structure model for a 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM) in order to improve the average torque production with ripple minimization. Therefore, it describes the differences between the standard 6/4 pole SRM and the proposed one in static and dynamic characteristics using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Matlab/Simulink package. FEA is used to obtain the nonlinear magnetization characteristics of the SRM to be used in Matlab Simulation model. The effects of different poles construction on the SRM performance are investigated. Validation of the computational methods is carried out by comparing the calculated static characteristics with the ones measured experimentally on 6/4 SRM prototype. The obtained results illustrate minimized torque ripples and better performance for the proposed SRM. A drive system for the SRM is implemented and a series of results are illustrated and discussed.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
22
35
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101224_5385aa8ad0c97488a12b1e64cd4bf46e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101224
Co-firing of Rice Straw and Natural Gas in Fluidized Bed Furnace.
G.
Zaater
East Delta Co. for Electricity, Egypt
author
S.
El-Emam
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
author
M.
Awad
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
author
F.
Okasha
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Experimental study on co-cofiring of rice straw and natural gas has been performed in a fluidized bed. The used combustor allows the novel, jetting-fountain configuration and the conventional operation as well. The experimental apparatus is mainly a bubbling fluidized bed of 300 mm ID and 3300 mm height equipped with a 38.1 mm ID jet-pipe located at the combustor center. In jetting-fountain configuration, natural gas premixed with the air required for its combustion proceeds through the jet pipe to create jet-fountain zone. Whereas only the air required for rice straw combustion passes through a gas distributor. The findings of the experiments confirm that smooth combustion of natural gas with rice straw can be performed in the jetting-fountain fluidized bed. This avoids acoustic effects and explosions of burning bubbles that occurs in conventional operation. The performance of the combustor has been found much better when operates at the jetting-fountain configuration. Temperature measurements in the freeboard demonstrate that the jetting-fountain fluidized bed dampens greatly the freeboard overheating. The fountain-particles absorb a great part of heat released in freeboard and recover it back to the bed. The later hypothesis is confirmed by measuring the in-bed cooling load that was found considerably increase, in particular, at lower bed temperature. There is also a considerable reduction in different emissions including carbon monoxide, nitric oxides and sulfur dioxide. The fixed carbon loss reduces as well. Combustion efficiency records higher values with jetting-fountain configuration. Increasing bed temperature is beneficial for reducing carbon monoxide, decreasing fixed carbon loss and improving combustion efficiency. Existence of an optimum bed temperature for sulfur retention has been confirmed. As normal, nitric oxides has been found increases with bed temperature.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
1
12
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101225_c2b1b5095a0186c54304975de3b46780.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101225
Corrugated Solar Still with Wick and Reflectors.
A.
Kabeel
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
author
A.
Abdullah
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Currently, Faculty of Engineering, Salman bin Abdulaziz University, KSA
author
Z.
Omara
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
author
F.
Essa
Mechanical Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Kafrelsheikh University. Kafrelsheikh., Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
In this paper, an experimental attempt has been made to study the performance of the desalination system comprising of corrugated and wick absorbers of solar stills. Therefore, two solar stills are designed, fabricated and assembled to study and compare their performances. The first one is a conventional solar still (CSS) and the second is a corrugated solar still (CrSS). The performance of the CrSS with and without wick and reflectors is tested and compared with CSS at the same conditions. The influences of saline water depth (1, 2, and 3 cm) on the performance of the CrSS and its modifications have been investigated. Results showed that integrating wick and reflectors with corrugated still enhance the productivity. During experimentations, the productivities of CrSS with wick and reflectors are about 145.5% higher than that of the conventional still, at saline water depth of 1cm. In that case the daily efficiency and estimated cost of 1 l of CrSS (with wick and reflectors) and CSS are approximately 59%–0.025 $, and 33%–0.048 $, respectively.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
13
22
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101226_9e1fdd6a2af74938c09dde233345477f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101226
Experimental Investigation of Heat and Mass Transfer during Convective Drying Process of Wood.
L.
Rabie
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Hegazi
Mechanical Power Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
author
M.
Elmetwally
Mechanical Power Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
Wood drying kiln is essentially an enclosed space where air velocity, temperature and humidity are controlled. An experimental study is performed to describe the heat and mass transfer process in drying of wood using kiln. Experiments are conducted in a kiln dryer using rectangular shaped of wood for drying air temperatures of 50, 60, 70 and 75 oC, drying air velocities 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 m/s and wood thickness of 1, 2, 4 and 6 mm. In addition to, effect of sample types [hardwood (red oak) and softwood (beech pine and poplar)] are used. The test rig of the present work has been examined and the obtained results are in a good agreement with available data in the previous works. The obtained experimental results of the present study are found in good trends with the corresponding previous results. Experimental results show that the drying rate increase with the increasing of drying air temperature and drying air velocity but it decrease with the increasing of thickness. Also, it is found that the softwood is dry faster than the hardwood.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
23
33
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101227_c09c1b437a29d91d89b4eb633b4e787c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101227
Experimental Study of Extended End-Plate Connections in Steel Moment Resisting Frames.
Fikry
Salem
Department of Structural Engineering., Faculty of Engineering.,
Mansoura University., Mansoura., P.O. Box 35516., Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
In this paper, experimental tests have been carried out to investigate the behavior of extended end-plate moment connections. The experimental program has been executed in the heavy structures laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt. In this program, ten end-plate moment connections have been tested to failure. The studied parameters in the experimental work are: (i) thickness of end plate, (ii) diameter of bolt, (iii) column stiffeners opposite the tested connections and (iv) grade of bolt.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
1
12
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101228_fefeace595324cbed8486d652b17e709.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101228
Simplified Method to Optimum Design of Built-Up Steel Beam Section.
FIKRY
SALEM
Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Mansoura University, Mansoura, P.O. Box 35516, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
With the increase of steel cost the importance of optimum design increases. Many factors affect the design of beam sections such as (unsupported length – allowable stress in lateral torsional buckling- load and support condition–steel grade – section class (compact, non-compact, slender)). Choosing a section empirically or by experience and neglecting the previous factors is not correct. To design a beam section allowable stress may be assumed, the required inertia is too calculated, from sections tables a suitable section is to be chosen. At this step, the effect of unsupported length on the section properties has been neglected. The section may have large inertia but is still slender according to code limits and its properties will be reduced again, on other hand the section may have small inertia but still has considerable allowable stress as compact section. Which section is the best? , which factor has a big effect? And how to satisfy all these factors in one-step. As explained before it is difficult to choose the most economic section. A computer program has been made to select the best section by making many trails to choose the best section satisfying all conditions of the Egyptian code of practice for steel construction for the design of beam sections. After that the results were grouped to know the way to obtain the optimum section with respect to flange width, flange thickness, ratio of flange with to thickness, web height, web thickness and lateral unsupported length.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
13
20
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101231_543c4c2689ffa9026ccd6be802eaffa4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101231
Floatation of Activated Sludge by Nascent Prepared Carbon Dioxide.
Hoda
El-Gamal
Public Works - Eng. Depart. - Faculty of Eng. - Mansoura University
author
Kamal
Radwan
Public Works - Eng. Depart. - Faculty of Eng. - Mansoura University
author
Kareem
Fouad
Civil Eng. Depart. - Higher Institute of Eng. & Technology - New Damietta
author
text
article
2020
eng
Sludge treatment plays an important role in the treatment of wastewater. The production of sludge from wastewater treatment by the activated sludge method is relatively high, which causes problems in the treatment and disposal processes. The main purpose of sludge treatment is to reduce its water content, in addition to the prevention of pollution of the environment; one method of the activated sludge treatment methods is "Thickening by Floatation", which could reduce the water content of the sludge, facilitating the disposal process. In the present study, the floatation method is used to increase the sludge solid content by bubbles of carbon dioxide, which is directly prepared from sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid, without the use of pressurized CO2, which results in the floatation of activated sludge solid particles. A floatation cell, composed of a glass column with a square base (13.5 x 13.5 cm) and height (50 cm), is used. The quantity of sodium bicarbonate ranged from 5 to 6.5 g/L; and that of the hydrochloric acid (10% concentration) ranged from 10 to 13 mL/L. The efficiency of this system was discussed with varying parameters, such as chemicals addition and initial solid content of sludge. The floatation cell showed a good result, regarding the increasing of the thickened sludge by floatation, from (0.6-1.1) % of solid content to (3.25-4.75) %; in addition, the current study has also shown better results, compared to the conventional pressurized CO2 cell.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
21
29
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101236_c6648f546374aeb6beec908f8dbf3540.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101236
International Roughness Index Predictive Model for Rigid Pavements based on LTPP Data.
Ahmed
Naguib
Demonstrator, Public Works Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Sherif
EL-Badawy
3Associate Professor, Public Works Dept., Faculty of engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Mourad
Ibrahim
Associate Professor, Public Works Dept., Faculty of engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
International roughness index (IRI) is the mathematical measurement of pavement smoothness. In this study, a regression model for IRI prediction for jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) was developed based on data from the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Project. A total of 327data points from 81pavement sections distributed all over the U.S. was used for the model development. The model predicts IRI as a function of pavement age, initial IRI, faulting, number of spelled joints, and number of transverse cracks, precipitation, and freezing index. The goodness of fit statistics of the model show excellent improvement over the previous model implemented in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The model has a high coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.80.In addition the bias in the predicted values of IRI was significantly lower compared to the previous MEPDG regression model.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
30
38
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101239_39a18b910cb38c55d3e3abc97438b38b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101239
Effect of Water Depth Change on Manning Coefficient for Partially-Filled Circular Culverts.
Marwa
Meky
Demonstrator, Civil Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt,
author
Shimaa
Ghoraba
Lecturers, Irrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering-Tanta University, Egypt,
author
I.
Rashwan
Hydraulic Professor, is with Irrigation and Hydraulic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Culvert is a structure used to convey surface runoff through embankments. The circular is the popular section for design pipes, such as culverts, drain tiles and sewers of small and medium sizes. Also it may be made of concrete, steel, corrugated metal and polyethylene. Manning's equation is most commonly used throughout the world for the purpose of computing flow velocities in open channel. Manning roughness coefficient is one of the effective factors on water velocity and discharge. The present study is about the determination of the relation between relative depth and relative roughness for circular culvert. For this purpose, field work was carried out on four pipe culverts on canals at El-Mahalla El kubra, Egypt. The culverts are of different diameters, slopes and materials. The velocity is recorded by using FlowTracker. Manning roughness coefficient greatly varied with the variation of relative depth, surface roughness and discharge. For four culverts, a total of 143 depth data points were collected at different discharges ranging from 0.004 to 4.750 m3/sec. New equations are developed for relation between the relative depth (d/D) and the relative roughness (n/nf) for flow depths less than 25% full for four pipe culverts on El Mahalla El Kubra, Egypt, when the water geometries are given.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
39
53
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101243_195e43735b9d58deb44ced0a61d12c2c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101243
Water Quality Modeling for Lake Burullus, Egypt, Part I: Model Calibration.
W.
Assar
Irrigation and Hydraulic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
author
M.
Elshemy
Irrigation and Hydraulic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
author
B.
Zeidan
Irrigation and Hydraulic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Burullus Lake is one of five coastal lagoons were exhibited by the northern Egyptian Mediterranean coast along the Nile Delta coast. It is the only one which lies inside the Nile Delta and is considered as the second largest coastal lagoon in Egypt. The lake has a great economic importance as a wetland, fishery and a resting area for migrating birds, so it is designated as a wetland nature reserve under the International Ramsar convention of 1988 and it is declared as a nature reserve in Egypt since 1998. It is a shallow brackish lake which is connected to the Mediterranean by a small outlet (Boughaz) and connected to the western branch of the Nile by a small canal (Brimbal Canal). Because of its central location, the lake receives most of the drainage water of the Nile Delta region through eight drains. As a result, the lake ecosystem has been environmentally deteriorated. A water quality management strategy is urgently required. For this, a 2-D hydro-ecological model for the lake was applied by developing the modeling system of MIKE21. Hydrodynamic and water quality records for about one year (starting from August 2010) at different stations were used to calibrate the proposed model. Different hydrodynamic and water quality characteristics were simulated by the developed model such as water level, water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The calibration results show a good agreement between the measured records and simulated results. The calibrated model will be used to assess the effect of applying some water quality enhancing scenarios.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
54
61
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101244_112d2c4ae281d994b59d4dc9322b79a0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101244
Architectural Vision for Solar Energy Technologies in Mina.
Nader
Gharib
Assistant Professor , Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah, Kingdom of Suadi Arabia
Lecturer , Department of Architectural Engineering and Environmental Design – AAST , Alexandria , Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
Application of environmentally compatible technical requirement seeks to perceive communities for a better tomorrow. So the solar energy technologies have distinctive and promising opportunity for use in activating multiple applications, most notably electricity generation. Mina owns key elements that make it attractive for experimenting of these technologies and their applications. Mina is a unique phenomenon in the whole world inhabited with pilgrims during the Hajj days only and the camps are not utilized the rest of the year. So the importance of this research stems from its attempt to introduce an architectural vision that takes advantage of solar energy applications in this holy spot and makes it a pilot project that can be emulated. In this paper a functional analysis of the components of the basic techniques of solar energy is conducted in order to merge them with the pilgrims camps. The research concludes the proper techniques that can be incorporated in project development. At last, the research has a set of recommendations focused on the importance of making use of solar energy technologies, environmentally compatible especially photovoltaic, that are characterized by flexibility and are used to substitute part of tents roof that are made out of Teflon. There is need for integrating this architectural vision with other engineering disciplines.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
1
7
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101246_c92cc92f13c4915b52dd8513bdbeea10.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101246
The Impact of Modernity on the Atypical Formulation of Architectural Spaces.
Samer
Zahra
Researcher. Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Dept. – Delta University
author
Mohamed
El Azab
Professor of Architecture. Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Dept.
Mansoura University
author
Lamis
Elgizawy
Professor and Head of Architectural Department; Faculty of Engineering; Mansoura University
author
Abeer
Makram
lecturer. Faculty of Engineering, Architecture Dept. – Delta University
author
text
article
2020
eng
With the spread of scientific and technological progress in the methods and systems of construction, the beginning of the industrial revolution, and the evolution of intellectual progress and economic, architects begins to think about a new formulation of the forms of architecture that fit the features of the new era. The renewal of every thing becomes the hall mark of this period. This intensified development of architecture reached its peak at late sixties of the last century by the appearance of deconstructive thoughts which influenced by methodology of Derrida, who said if deconstructive architecture really can change let it deconstruct the distorted old buildings to reconstruct a new ones. The question posed by the research is: know what is the architectural space, whether typical or atypical, knowledge their determinants and fundamentals that affect their interior design and related variables and constants, besides throwing light o the development that happened to this concept in the literature about the architectural spaces across the different ages. To answer these questions the research was built on three rules: The first is; what the concept and features of the architecture space and this includes the definition of the word atypical as a scientific word in the cultural field especially in the architectural and interior design fields. The second; analytical study of the typical and atypical ways of architecture and their impact on the interior spaces. The third; study the process of forming of the atypical spaces and the architectural determinant that controls the process of design and study the properties of the relationship between space and another, the overlap and the proximity or contact…..etc
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
8
17
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101248_e8e59f48c6f16b29d28dcda4d066b848.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101248
Analysis of the Sustainability of Standards and Criteria of the Authority for Educational Buildings in the Architectural Design of Elementary Schools in Egypt.
Ahmed
Khalil
Demonstrator, Dep. of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University
author
Sherif
Sheta
Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Ahmed
ElMaidawy
Lecturer, Dep. of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University
author
text
article
2020
eng
Learning is one of the most important elements of progress and prosperity of nations, since school buildings are the most important elements of the educational process. The research targets elementary schools of students in the age between 4 and 15 years. It is arguable that elementary education has the greatest potential to raise a generation conscious concept of sustainability. The research aims to analyze the environmental sustainability of criteria and standards of the Authority for Educational Buildings in the Architectural Design of Elementary Schools in Egypt, to state to what extent the sustainability design criteria have been achieved in those standards. The analysis is based on the comparison of determinants of sustainable design in the Authority’s standards and criteria with those of world’s most prevalent rating systems (LEED 2009 for Schools and BREEAM Education), as both rating systems have standards are specifically targeted at the analysis of educational buildings in sustainability terms. There is no Egyptian rating system that is specified to educational building, but the “Green Pyramid Rating System” is for all building types without specifying, so the research ignored the (GPRS) rating system and focused on the Authority for Educational Buildings which is responsible for schools buildings design and construction approval. The research concluded which determinants of international sustainable rating systems are discussed through the Authority’s documents, and which are not, and gives recommendations for the State of Authority’s design criteria in the form of guidelines for robust sustainable enhancements.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
18
28
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101250_267a8959ad03a5141e5cd2bf6fe71697.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101250
Comfort Properties of Woven Fabrics Produced from Twist-Less Weft Using PVA Yarns.
Alaa
Badr
Textile Engineer Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University
author
Ashraf
El Nahrawy
Textile Engineer Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University
author
text
article
2020
eng
Comfort characteristics of microporous plain-woven fabrics, containing cotton staple fiber twistless and Tencel staple fiber twistless yarn in weft, have been reported in the present paper. The twistless yarn was produced without twist by means of plying with water soluble monofilament PVA filament in the opposite direction. This process was done by TFO (Two for one twister) machine. In all these fabrics the same warp yarn, i.e. a single ring spun 100% cotton yarn was used. The microporous structure of the yarn is created by dissolving the PVA fibers using hot washing of the fabrics. All sample types of twistless yarns and reference yarns are made with a variation in fiber material and fabric picks/cm.The structure of fibrous assemblies in weft has great impact on the comfort related properties, like fabric air permeability, thermal conductivity and also tensile strength and tear resistance. Results indicated that the wickability, and air permeability of the woven fabrics constructed from twistless weft yarn were improved due to the bulkiness of the fabric after dissolving PVA.
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering
1110-0923
40
v.
2
no.
2020
1
14
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_101252_b360910bfbab20a01ee54fb512fc2d95.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2020.101252