@article { author = {Sheta, Sherief and Alazab, Mohamed and Elwazir, Mona and Ragab, Mounera}, title = {Mutual Effect between Public Urban Spaces and Political Changes Cairo's Tahrir Square as a Case Study.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97659}, abstract = {The Public spaces and open area are considered an important component of any Urban fabric and, as it embraces the various human activities which show the relationship between human and the environment surrounding them so, the Urban Spaces reflect the overall picture of the city. During antiquity, urban spaces were considered as an important element in the planning elements and which the rest of the elements of the city are held on its basis, and after the technological evolution of the different needs of human, the urban spaces have various uses, but , other uses appeared as the political uses which were shown in transforming the openspaces for gatherings and demonstration , and urban spaces has become a symbol of the revolutions that have occurred in it, such as the French revolution which is linked to Pastels Square and other revolutions that have taken place until we got 25th of January 2011 revolution, which means that form, area of the urban spaces and the surrounding building could make it the first destination for the rebels. This research introduce mutual effects between Urban Spaces and Political Conditions surrounding them, by making urban and politically studies and analyzing the change that happen in the space  and field study on the other hand, also this research introduce the proposed method to study, which have been applied to one of the spaces affected by politics conditions throughout history since its establishment a (Cairo's Tahrir Square).}, keywords = {Public Urban Spaces,open area,Squares,Mutual effect}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97659.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97659_efbc725dc00a68052b0ffc7005e272a8.pdf} } @article { author = {Madi, Alfituri and Hassan, Abdulraowf and Ali, Abd Elmontelb and Mahmoud Aezzazy, Mohamed}, title = {The Effect of Space Direction on Visual Comfort within Classrooms. Case Study: Primary Education Schools in Alkhoms City - Libya.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {12-22}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97662}, abstract = {Directing of a building in general and the architectural space in particular are important elements for designers to achieve an environmental equivalence and an effective functional activity within the architectural space. Schools of the modern era have to provide a lightening that provides a positive educational environment and helps towards a better education. Good lightening can adjust the mood of students, can rectify the behaviors, boost the concentration and attention level, stimulate those elements responsible on learning and attain an eye comfort. In this study, a simulation work on the lightening within a space of a classroom for a sample of basic education schools in the city of Al-khoms-Libya using DIAL ux evo 5 programs is reported. This study focuses on the period of activity in a classroom during three different times, at 08:00 am, 12:00 pm and 04:00 pm on 22 of June at which the sky is clear and shiny and represents the nearest point to the North in the path of sun.The space of the classroom was divided into three axes or regions represent the rows of students which are located near to the window(s), the intermediate one and the far one from the window(s). The horizontal simulation surface work is the surface of the tables of students at 0.65 m in height from the ground of the space. Similarly, the vertical simulation surface work is the blackboard of the classroom, since these two surfaces can be the most best scale to measure the good vision and the standard of the visual comfort of students in the classroom. The simulation was carried out in all different directions, main and secondary ones. It was also aimed to ascertain the levels of lightening and those times at which the sun penetrates the space and its effect on the visual comfort of students. Also, ascertaining advantages and disadvantages of each direction in order to find the most optimum solutions of each direction. The simulation process is carried out through not changing all those variables that may have an effect on the lightening intensity of a chosen sample but changing the direction of windows of the classroom to a different direction in each simulation process. Comparison and analysis of results, according to those standards that guarantee visual comfort inside the space with respect to standard lightening intensity according to international organizations and variation in the lightening levels and cases of dazzling, were made. According to what previously mentioned, results and recommendations can be made}, keywords = {Directing,Lightening Levels,Simulation,classroom}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97662.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97662_48389586a7bd1e4560e28a5a45d84f84.pdf} } @article { author = {Madi, Alfituri and Ali, Abd Elmontelb and Hassan, Abdulraowf and Aezzazy, Mohamed}, title = {The Effect of Changing the Reflectance Ratios of the Inner Surfaces of the Classrooms on the Lighting Levels Case study: Primary Education Schools in Alkhoms City - Libya.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {23-31}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97666}, abstract = {The paper discusses the influence of the reflection of the walls, roof, and floor classroom schools of primary education on the behavior of light levels on the surface of the students' desks and blackboard classroom. By studying the case study (Alharaty primary school in Alkhoms city of Libya) And the definition of the building and its components and its location within the city and a description of the classroom in school, The study presents an analysis of the climatic conditions of the study area, Using a computer program (DIALux evo) is the work of simulation to determine the natural and artificial lighting levels inside the classroom space, Throughout the period of activity from eight in the morning until four in the evening , That is a reflection of a different test for each of the walls , floor and roof of each element separately immobility ratios taking into account other influences on Lighting external openings and refractors and industrial lighting , depth and shape and the dimensions and size of the vacuum classroom , and Finally, the paper concludes the research of the determinants of the findings and recommendations to achieve the appropriate level of lighting in the classroom spaces that contribute to improved optical performance and good visibility to students}, keywords = {Reflection Lightening Levels,Simulation,classroom}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97666.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97666_eab648d510cea6e364bf5749ff0c2795.pdf} } @article { author = {Sarhan, Heba and El-Eashy, Alaa and Elwazir, Mona}, title = {Applicable Comparative Study for Sustainable Urban Development Strategies.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {32-36}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97667}, abstract = {Sustainable urban development strategies aim at the renascence of man and society through different aspects. This paper aims at is analyzing the different development strategies and its impact on economy, society and environment. In addition to studying the interaction between man: his needs and expectations, his habits and traditions, the surrounding environment and acceptance to the new development. And to reach some contemporary development strategies that works for such similar cases. The research starts with a descriptive approach of the two projects (Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, Cape Town, South Africa and Siwa’s Sustainable Development Initiative, Siwa, Egypt. Both of them used to be local community years ago with natural environment resources, people’s traditions, cultural heritage and urban fabric. Then an analytical approach for the strategies and solutions set for developing each of them. Their development over 20 years has transformed them to take a new shape. The first has been through enormous urbanization process through a comprehensive waterfront master plan, the other has been through a natural, respecting community nature development. The research ends with a predictable approach for strategies can be used in similar cases seeking for a sustainable urban development. }, keywords = {Sustainable urban development,Siwa,Cape Town,V&AW}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97667.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97667_739f2bab755ff9295757ed3b9868ff7b.pdf} } @article { author = {Sultan, Hassan and Ashry, Saria and Mohamed, Rania}, title = {Monitoring Corrosion Defects in Oil Pipelines.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97650}, abstract = {Pipelines represent a large capital cost for oil organizations. Therefore, corrosion failures have significant economic impact with several cost components, particularly repair and loss of transportation capacity. Corrosion is a growing cause of failures in aged pipelines. Thus, corrosion analysis is a vital task for the management of pipeline integrity. This paper presents a simple routine to monitor the corrosion defects in pipelines based on control charts and simple statistical analysis. A real life case is studied based on maximum corrosion volume (MCV). Other dimensions can be adopted to make auxiliary conclusions. This routine enables maintenance personnel to predict the reliability of pipelines and effectively modify inspection and maintenance plans for next part of pipeline life}, keywords = {Pipeline,Corrosion defects,Control Chart,Test of hypothesis,Risk,Integrity}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97650.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97650_3d73736ef02b3e244d3b870e5e88177b.pdf} } @article { author = {Awad, Karim and Awad, Mohamed and Kandel, Ahmed}, title = {Extraction of Water from Atmospheric Air Using Double Slope Condensation Surface.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {10-21}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97651}, abstract = {In this study, extraction of water from atmospheric air using double slope condensation surface is investigated. Solar energy as a heat source and Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) as the desiccant are used. The experimental apparatus involves two parts. The first part, which functions as absorber has nine channels containing mixture of Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) and sand while the second part, which functions as transparent and condensation surface has a prism shape. At night, the absorber is exposed to atmospheric air where Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) absorbs moisture from atmospheric air. At sunrise, the absorber is covered tightly with the transparent and condensation surface that allows the transmission of sun rays to the absorber. Condensate is collected in sloping channels that fixed at the bottom inner surface of transparent cover. The temperature of transparent surface, air-vapor mixture and absorber surface, solar radiations intensity and amount of collected water are recorded during the experiments at various operating days. Experimental measurements indicate that the condensed water productivity changes with ambient conditions. It is found that the maximum yield for Aug.19th,2015 was 735 gm /m2.day for accumulative solar radiation of about 7806 W.hr/m2.day. A mathematical model is developed to estimate the solar radiation intensity and amount of collected water. Its results are compared with the experimental data and a reasonable agreement between theoretical results and experimental measurements is attained}, keywords = {water extraction,air,double slope,Condensation,Solar,Desiccant}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97651.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97651_b9cf1a32e0d8eb329710e9d50695962c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Aal, Ibrahim and Alsendi, Mustafa and Alsarawi, Ahmed and Shehap, Waleid}, title = {Removal of Methylene Blue Dyestuff from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Casuarina Charcoal.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97656}, abstract = {In this work, batch adsorption experiments were carried out for the removal of methylene blue as a basic dye from aqueous solutions using powdered activated carbon (PAC) prepared from Casuarina trees. PAC was prepared by activation through roasting at high temperature (850 °C) for 3hrs. The prepared PAC was used for removal of basic methylene blue with different concentrations and under different conditions of pH mediums revealing that the appropriate removal efficiency was at pH 6. The experimental results were fitted to kinetic models of pseudo 2nd order. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to describe the equilibrium relationship at different conditions.}, keywords = {Adsorption,methylene blue,Casuarina,Charcoal}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97656.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97656_51ce73e39720fc5d032f75424d923f79.pdf} } @article { author = {Sultan, Yara and Kaddah, Sahar and Elhosseini, Mostafa}, title = {Enhancing the Performance of Smart Grid Using Model Predictive Control.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97647}, abstract = {Renewable energy sources such as wind energy conversion systems and photovoltaic systems are connected to the smart grid to promote the grid power. However, the output of those sources changes due to the sunlight and wind speed variations. Owing to the existence of dynamic environment, nonlinear loads, renewable energy resources, and unbalanced faults, smart grids suffer from power quality problems such as high harmonic contents, voltage sag, and voltage swell. STATCOM is a static compensator which considered as one solution to these problems as one of the flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices that are able to provide several advantages to the power grid such as controlling the power flow, enhancing system stability, and suppressing any oscillation in the grid. On the other hand, STATCOM is expensive device and needs a good controller. A proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller works well but model predictive control (MPC) handles more than one input/output, works on real-time basis and is able to predict variables. So, the main contribution of this paper is proposing a control strategy based on MPC to regulate the instantaneous power of STATCOM to improve the power quality in the smart grid under unbalanced conditions. The proposed strategy is tested on IEEE 5-bus system connected with two distributed energy systems (photovoltaic system and wind turbine system), and nonlinear loads supported by a STATCOM/MPC and the digital simulation results using the proposed STATCOM controlled by MPC are compared with the PID controller results}, keywords = {Model predictive current control,Unbalance voltage control,Smart grid,dynamic voltage and var control}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97647.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97647_dc82e5edae90ffb1993aa38dedf29518.pdf} } @article { author = {Morad, Nahla and Abdel Latif, Ramadan}, title = {Assessment of Surface Water-Groundwater Relationship in the Area between Borg El Arab and West El Hammam, North West Coastal Zone, Egypt.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97654}, abstract = {The study area, between Borg El Arab and El Hammam, is recently subjected to intensive land reclamation projects aiming to cultivate about 57000 feddans. It is supplied by two main sources of irrigation, i.e. the surface water as a main source (Bahig canal and El Hammam canal), and the groundwater from more than 600 shallow wells tapping the Ralat aquifer (calcareous sandstone) of Plio-Pleistocene age as a supplement source. During the last three decades (1985 – 2014), conjunctive use of surface water together with groundwater has resulted in serious hydrologic problems e.g. water losses, canal seepage and water logging, where the depth to water level has risen up from about 20 m (1985) to less than 5.0 m (2014). Meanwhile, the groundwater salinity decreased during this period from more than 5000 ppm to less than 2000 ppm, indicating a dilution effect by seeped water. The water seepage from the dissecting canals is estimated in the present work by 65.18 x 106 m3/year replenishing the groundwater system in the down gradient areas. Might as well, the irrigation return flow through permeable soil in the study area is estimated by 4.125 x 106 m3/year due to the applied flood irrigation technique. In other words, 95% of the total groundwater replenishment is from the canal seepage, while only 5% from direct percolation. The investigation of wells tapping the Ralat aquifer in the study area has indicated that water levels are ranging from 21.0 m to 1.0 m above mean sea level. More than 57.6 x 106 m3/year (average 84% of the natural groundwater discharge) are pumping from such wells to get water of about 2000 ppm salinity, indicating a significant hydraulic connection between the surface water canals and the underlying aquifer. The calculated water balance of the Ralat aquifer has resulted in an amount of annual surplus water of the order of 11.705 x 106 m3/year as groundwater storage.}, keywords = {El Hammam Canal,Groundwater,Northwest coast,Egypt,water logging and water seepage}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97654.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97654_2283fe6f48c9585113c9a8976f43011e.pdf} } @article { author = {Albadawy, Ameer and Abd Elaty, Metwally and Taman, Mohamed}, title = {Performance of Geopolymer Mortars Subjected to Elevated Temperatures.}, journal = {MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal}, volume = {42}, number = {1}, pages = {12-20}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering}, issn = {1110-0923}, eissn = {2735-4202}, doi = {10.21608/bfemu.2020.97655}, abstract = {This paper presents the results of an experimental program that was carried out to investigate the performance of geopolymer (GP) mortar mixes subjected to elevated temperature. The main investigated parameters were the molarity levels of NaOH(6M, 10M, 16M and 20M), the sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide solution ratios (1, 2.5 and 4.5), the alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio (0.40, 0.5 and 0.6), the curing temperatures ( 25, 60 and 90 oC), the rest period (RP) (0, 24 and 48 hours) and extra water (0.1, 0.125 and 0.15). Parallel to preparing the different GP mortars, ordinary Portland cement mortar was made to compare results. The hardened GP and OPC mortars were subjected to different elevated temperatures of 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 oC for two hours. The properties of GP mortars including the compressive strength and the loss of weight were studied. The residual compressive strengths of the GP samples ranged between 60.1% and 90.9% after exposure to 1000 oC of the compressive strength before exposure to elevated heat temperature, whereas, it reached zero% for OPC samples after exposure to 800 oC. On the other hand, an inverse relationship between the compressive strength with the used extra water was recorded. Moreover, another inverse relationship between alkaline solution to fly ash ratio and the compressive strength was noticed. The GP mortars showed also relatively lower mass loss values compared with OPC specimens which agree well with the residual strength results. later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Paper titles should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the title; short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not write “(Invited)” in the title. Full names of authors are preferred in the author field, but are not required. Put a space between authors’ initials. Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract. Do not delete the blank line immediately above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column}, keywords = {Geopolymer based materials,heat temperature,compressive strength and residual strength}, url = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97655.html}, eprint = {https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_97655_e60b7a865610cb6460008d5dd58038bc.pdf} }