ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Study of Filter Drain Performance for the Pollution Control of Urban Runoff.
Construction, vehicular traffic and maintenance of highway surfaces are sources of pollutants, which accumulate on highway surfaces and other roadside areas. During rainfall runoff events these pollutants are washed from these surfaces and flow to surface and subsurface waters. This research is a study to assess the ability of a constructed filter drain as one of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) in removing suspended solids, petroleum hydrocarbons, metals in the form of Copper and Zinc and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were used for the present study from urban runoff. The constructed filter drain was successful in controlling, attenuating and treating runoff containing pollutant loadings of (sediments, petroleum hydrocarbons, metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). For the eight stimulated test runs, the average removal rate of the builder's sand as sediments was 97%. The average total petroleum hydrocarbon removing rate was 97 .8%. The mean copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) removing rate was 82% and 92% respectively. The average removing rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125584_aeeb84c8c79953ee5c7ca9ba266ab707.pdf
2020-11-26
1
12
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125584
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems
sediments
Petroleum hydrocarbons
metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Kamal
Radwan
dr_kamal15@yahoo.com
1
Lecturer of Sanitary Engineering. Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Metwalli
2
Civil Engineer, Arab Contractors Company
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Al-Sarawy
3
Professor of Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering., University of Mansoura., Mansoura., Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation the Hydraulic Parameters of the Fractured Aquifer by Using Spring Hydrograph Analysis, Lange Bramke Basin, Germany.
One characteristic of a fractured aquifer is the large contrast between the hydraulic parameters of fracture zone and that of the surrounding rock matrix. In this paper a trial to determine the aquifer constants of the Early Devonian sandstone fractured aquifer in Lange Bramke Basin, Germany was carried out applying Rorabaugh's conceptual model. This model was modified and used in estimating the hydraulic parameters of the conduit and diffuse flow systems from discharge hydrograph analysis. Daily discharge from a spring in the aquifer under consideration was continuously monitored for the period 12 June-31 Aug during 2001, 2002 and 2004. These records were used in recession hydrograph analysis. The identification different slopes in the recession hydrograph proceed to isolate each slope and to derive the ratio between transmissivity T and specific yield Sy (aquifer diffusivities T/Sy) from each slope. Two pumping and two slug tests were carried out during this study to check the estimated hydraulic parameters of the diffuse flow system. The results showed that the C.14 M. I. Gad T/Sy ratios derived from the recession hydrograph analysis ranged from 0.024 to 1.298 m2/sec with an average value of 0.438 m2/sec for conduit flow system, from 0.164 to 0.345 m2/sec with an average value of 0.222 m2/sec for intermediate-flow system and from 0.016 to 0.211 m/sec with average value of 0.107 m2/sec for diffuse flow system. Assuming Sy value for pure conduit equals 1.0, the resulted T value (0.438 m2/sec) was in order-of magnitude with T value obtained by tracer test (0.98 m2/sec). In addition, the T values for the rock matrix derived from analysis of the recession hydrograph ranged from 3.2x10-1 to 42,4 x10-4 m2/sec which is comparable with the range calculated from the aquifer tests (from 0.17x10-4 to 4.8x10-4 m2/sec). Since conduit systems typically display considerable spatial variability, it was concluded that the derived I values for the conduit flow system may need to be established at a local scale, while the values for the diffuse flow system may be applicable at a regional scale. As a result, the expensive isotope and/or tracer techniques in fractured rocks may be restricted to calibrate the more practicable and, according to the study, reliable analytical approaches for estimation the aquifer constants in fractured rocks.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125594_648ce1847eb75dc3a79e6e3a3cc42f9a.pdf
2020-11-26
13
30
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125594
hydrogeology
Fractured rocks
Lange Bramke Basin
Aquifer diffusivity
Flow type
Hydrograph analysis
Aquifer tests
Mohammed
Gad
drmohamedgad@yahoo.com
1
Hydrology Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of Turbulent Structure and Flow Characteristics through Inclined Finite Depression in Sloping Open Channel.
In this research paper, an experimental investigation was carried to study the turbulent structure and flow characteristics through inclined finite depression in sloping rectangular channel of constant width using Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA). To study the turbulent structure , precise and accurate measurements of the mean and fluctuating flow quantities such as turbulence intensity components (0. and v/U) and mean velocity components (ūU, and /U.). The measurements were carried out along the flow depth at different cross-sections within and downstream of the finite depression. Also, the measurements were conducted at different relative height b/b and different finite depression angle 0 in the longitudinal direction along the centerline and across the finite depression at different locations to assess the variation of the maximum turbulence intensities (Umar, and v .). Experiments were conducted under different variables such as, bed slope , relative heights , relative length of finite depression to study the variation of the energy loss with the main parameters affecting the finite depression in sloping channel . The energy loss through the finite depression length was computed and correlated to the relevant parameters. These parameters include the bed slope , the upstream Froude number, the relative height ratio , the finite depression angle, the relative length ratio and the upstream head ratio . The effect of all these parameters on the energy loss through the finite depression were analyzed and discussed , Non – dimensional design curves were provided to relate the flow characteristics. The results show that, the turbulence intensities úm . and Vmax/U. along the centerline beyond x/h > 6.1, úmax/U, and v'maxUwere always higher in the case of 90° flow and lower for gradual 15° flow. This trend was exactly opposite as observed for wh<3.2, where the turbulence intensity was maximum for the 150 flow and minimum for the 90° flow, and the maximun of NU and vimax WUoccurs in the intermediate zone 3.2 </hgy increases by increasing the bottom slope, the relative height , the finite depression angle and upstream Froude number. The rate of variation of the energy loss was increased rapidly till the angle of finite depression was about 50®, such rate of increase was decreased about this value when the angle was 500. The loss of energy was quite high at a relative height > 0.3.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123960_4968cc1328e5d21d74f36e0209194980.pdf
2021-06-01
31
48
10.21608/bfemu.2020.123960
M.
Attia
1
Associate Professor., Water & Water Structures Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Affection of Multiple Feeding Water Supply Network on the Concentration of Trihalomethane.
The previous researches studied the concentration of (THMs) in water networks having only one feeding source. This research illustration the effect of multiple feeding source for water supply network on the concentration of (THMs). This research focuses on the evaluation and assessment of THMs contamination in Fayoum Water Supply Network. To investigate the influence of multiple feeding source for a distribution water network on the THMs contaminant, an intensive 5-months sampling programmed was undertaken. pH, Free Chlorine, Bromine, Temperature, Travel Time, TOC and THMs were all measured. Results showed that the concentration of THMs in all the selected points in the distribution network were less than the maximum acceptable concentration for THMS, and the chloroform is the predominant THMS compound (it represents an average of 50% of total THMS ). It was noticed that an average chlorine consumption of 0.1 mg/L leads to the increase of THMs concentration by 2.0 to 2.5 μg/L. An increase in temperature by 5°C leads to the increase of THMs concentration by 27% to 32%. The higher the initial THMs formation after post-chlorination, the lower the relative increase in THMs in the distribution system. The mixing between two feeding sources is better for the distribution network not only for flexibility in operation, but also for the properties of the water and the concentration of THMs at point of mixing between conventional treatment plant & small plant is less than the concentration of THMS at point in distribution network for small plant only.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125602_e64c7c5117b77580c26b9ade303b332e.pdf
2020-11-26
49
61
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125602
Disinfection by-Products
THMs
Chlorine
Fayoum Water Distribution System
R.
El Shehawy
dr_ragab_amna@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor., Sanitary Engineering., Public Works Department., Faculty of Engineering., Mansoura University., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Asphalt Mixes Containing Rubber.
Increasing truck loads on Egyptian road network cause several pavement distresses. The most common distress types occurring in the Egyptian roads are rutting and cracking. Several research studies trials were conducted to control pavement distresses by mix enhancement, Several trials were done to eliminate pavement rutting by using some additives. However, although these additives increase rutting resistance, it increases the propagation of cracking. One of the cheapest methods for mix enhancement is to use waste materials such as crumb rubber, This study aims at investigating the effect of using crumb rubber on the properties of asphalt binder and evaluating asphalt concrete mixtures modified by crumb rubber for increasing pavement resistance to cracking. To achieve the study objectives, the properties of asphalt binder modified by certain ratios of crumb rubber were measured. Furthermore, Marshall test was conducted on standard mix without rubber as a reference and on two groups of asphalt concrete mixtures. In the first group crumb rubber was used instead of fine aggregate by certain percents. While in the second group, crumb rubber was used instead of certain asphalt percents. Finally, some special tests were performed to measure the different mix characteristics. These tests included loss of stability test, modulus of elasticity test, wheel tracking test and indirect tensile strength test. Analyzing the study results it can be concluded that the use of crumb rubber greatly enhance the pavement resistance to cracking. Finally the study recommended a proposed mix with 20% and 5% by weight instead of typical percents of sand and asphalt respectively.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125613_7bcd7a36768ac3cc56465075cc5f05fb.pdf
2020-11-26
62
71
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125613
Asphalt mixes
Crumb rubber
Marshall Properties
loss of stability
Modulus of elasticity
Wheel tracking Test and Indirect Tensile Strength
Badr Eldeen
Mousa
1
Professor/ Vice Dean, Faculty of Engineering, Kafr El-Shaikh University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hassan
Aly Salem
2
Lecturer of Highways and Airports Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abd Allah
3
Associate Professor., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Abdullah Eisa
4
Graduate Student, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pipe Networks Analysis Using a New Technique.
This research paper exhibits the use of both Linear Theory Method (LTM) and Extended Linear Graph Theory (ELGT) to derive a new technique which could be used for the analysis of pipe networks. This study differs from other linear theory methods in the system formation of linear equations and solution procedures. The solution algorithm used in this study is independent on initial pipe flows estimation, where a power law equation is used to update the pipe flows in successive iterations. The proposed method has been extended to deal with complex systems including control devices such as pumps, pressure reducing valves (PRVs), pressure sustaining valves (PSVs), and check valves (CVS). A FORTRAN program, named SFLOW, has been written for analyzing pipe networks using this new formation of system of linear equations. To check the reliability of the proposed method, the model has been verified with EPANET algorithm against a hypothetical pipe network.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125633_24506fb039ca5fab60a21a9fce6438f9.pdf
2020-11-26
72
86
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125633
A.
Zidan
1
Prof., Irrigation & Hydraulics Deptment, Faculty of Engineering., EL-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmoud Mohamed
AL-Gamal
2
Prof., Irrigation & Hydraulics Deptment, Faculty of Engineering., EL-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
AUTHOR
Amgad
El-Ansary
3
Irrigation & Hydraulics Dept., Fac. of Engineering., Cairo University., Egypt
AUTHOR
Hamdy Ahmed
Abdel Latief El- Ghandour
4
Assistant lecturer, Irrigation of Hydraulics Deptment., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ground Water Treatment Using Slow Sand Filtration or Conventional System.
Iron and manganese represent a serious problem in ground water, therefore this research study two alternatives for water treatment contains these metals through two pilot plants constructed within a groundwater plant in Walga village, Mnia El Kamh Markaz, Sharqia governorate, Egypt. The main objective of this research is to compare the two alternative systems for iron and manganese removal, the first method mainly depends on biological treatment of slow sand filtration (SSF) with pre-aeration (multiple trays), while, the other method is conventional system (pressure filters) with pre-aeration (aeration tank) and using the additional chemicals. Filtration rates used for slow sand filters ranged from 3 to 6 m/d and Fc influent concentration ranged from 0.6 to 1.3 mg/l and Mn influent concentration ranged from 2 to4.4 mg/l. Total Fe and Mo removal efficiencies obtained by slow sand filtration system, which functions under natural conditions and without using any chemical agents, are in the range between 97% to 99 % and the effluent concentrations of Mn and Fe for all the runs were less than the Egyptian allowable limits. The conventional system used aeration with influent iron and manganese concentrations of 1.3 and 4.4 mg/l respectively, potassium permanganate doses were in the ranges of 2 to 6 mg/l and the rate of filtration was 150 m3/m2lday. The removal of manganese increased by increasing KMnO4 dose but iron removal efficiency was the same for all runs. The effluent concentration of Mn was higher that the allowable limits for all the runs of the conventional system. The aeration step has an important effect on removal efficiency of iron and manganese by slow sand filter and conventional system. Finally, it concluded that the use of slow sand filtration (SSF) plants in Egypt is better than using conventional plants due to the simplicity of operation and maintenance and without using chemicals, further more the high efficiency of iron and manganese removal with acceptable limits for potable water.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125646_1bd2aafbc4d6dcc0d88dd9909378f99f.pdf
2020-11-26
87
102
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125646
Iron and Manganese removal
biological treatment
slow sand filtration
ground water
Kamal
Radwan
dr_kamal15@yalioo.com
1
Assistant professor of Sanitary Engineering,Faculty of Engineering, University of Mansoura.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hybridized Anaerobic Baffled Reactor for the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater: Pilot and Prototype Scale.
Hybridized anaerobic baffled reactor has distinct advantages over many other anaerobic treatment processes. Recognition of these advantages has resulted in a broadening application and use of this system. The most significant advantage is, its ability to separate the acidogenes and methanogenes longitudinally down the reactor allowing the reactor to behave as a two phase system without the associated control problems and high cost (Weiland and Rozzi, 1991). The first full scale HABR in Egypt constructed at Demo, (10 Kms east of EL Fayoum city) to treat a wastewater discharge of about 1678 m/d, was monitored for about one year in order to investigate the applicability of this system as a low cost sanitation technology matches the Egyptian village circumstances. Results showed that the full scale HABR achieved an accepted effluent quality corresponds the Egyptian limitations, but the performance was lower than anticipated from the pilot scale HABR constructed at Nawag village. The most frequented removal ratios at HRT of 2.5 days for COD and SS were around 50% for the studied reactors, while the average removal ratios for the pilot plant were 83.12% and 83.58% for COD and suspended solids, respectively at the same HRT.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125654_1a43100f9795e6d06766ab3269329bae.pdf
2020-11-26
103
117
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125654
Hybridized Anaerobic Baffled Reactors (HABR)
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
Suspended Solids (SS)
Hydraulic retention time (HRT)
A.
Badwey
1
Teaching assistant of Environmental Engineering., Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ragab
Barakat
2
Assistant Professor., Sanitary Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Fadel
3
Professor of Sanitary Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Paneled Composite Beams.
Recently, composite members had been widely used in construction, where the use of appropriate materials arranged in an optimum geometric configuration providing the required compressive and tensile strength, achieve greater stiffness, material saving, less own weight and better vibration resistance. Unfortunately, the behavior of continuous composite beams supported on other beams is unpredictable and such system requires a more complicated design. Most of the current design codes do not mention the behavior of this system due to the lack of both experimental data and practical experience. Therefore the designer usually ignores the real behavior of such system which acts as a paneled beam system, and considers the secondary beams as simply supported composite beams, or as continuous steel beams leading to either unsafe results or over conservative results, due to the lack of adequate code guidance, Thus, this paper explains the behavior of such system using linear finite element analysis, together with the most important factors affecting it.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125659_2cf4cd1ac65b2cf579476091f7f9b199.pdf
2020-11-26
118
125
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125659
Pre-stressed
Stiffeners
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
Composite Beams
Steel beams
Ahmed
Almohamady
1
Lecturer,Structural Engineering Building, MUST, Misr University for Science and Technology Six of October City., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hydrodynamic Efficiency of Floating Breakwaters with Plates.
The efficiency of the floating breakwaters was experimentally studied under normal and regular waves with wide ranges of wave heights and periods. The efficiency of the breakwater is presented as a function of the transmission, reflection, and dissipation coefficients. Different parameters affecting the breakwater efficiency such as, the connection of the virtical plates under the floating body at different positions, length of mooring wires and the wave length were tested. It was found that, the transmission coefficient decreases with the increase of relative breakwater width (B/L), the number of plates and also with the increase of the relative wire length (l/h) whereas the reflection coefficient takes the opposite trend. In addition, the suggested floating breakwater system dissipates about 15% to 30% from the incident wave energy. Also, the suggested floating breakwater model is efficient compared with other types of pontoon breakwaters.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125669_71349383effd701e60224e864e5d5e4d.pdf
2020-11-26
126
141
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125669
Osami
Rageh
drosamirageh@yahoo.com
1
Associate Prof., Irrigation and Hydraulic Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El Mansoura, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determining Count of Yarn without Measuring its Length.
A new method for measuring yam count is presented in this research work. This method depends on weight measurements. Yarn length measurement is avoided because of problems associated with it. The new test method is built on replacing yarn length measuring by weight measuring and then through pure mathematical relations yam count can be calculated. Yarn count is expressed as a function of yam weight and diameter of a cylinder. Before yarn is tested, it goes through a forming process using cylinders of a known diameter to get a new shape which can be mathematically assessed. Formed yarn is weighed. This procedure (forming and weighing) is repeated for another part of the same yam after being formed using cylinders of another diameter. A proven formula is used to determine yam count. The way of yam forming and a way of generating a large number of readings from a small number of procedures are described.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125911_2ad3356f48940a6aba4546b63974a294.pdf
2020-11-28
1
7
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125911
Hamdy Ahmed
Ebraheem
1
Textile Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Moisture and Thermal Characteristics of Knitted Sport Wear Fabrics.
The main aim of this work was study the effect of fiber composition on the moisture and thermal properties for sport wear knitted fabrics. We also studied the effect of using single and double layer fabric on the moisture and thermal properties of these fabrics. To know how heat and water are transported through each fabric, measurements of their physical properties (thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity, heat flow, relative water vapor permeability and air permeability) were made in laboratories. The effects of fiber composition and the clothing assembly (one or two layers) have a highly significant effect on both moisture and thermal properties of sport wear knitted fabrics and also there were a high correlation between fabric thickness, fabric porosity, fabric air permeability, the relative water vapor permeability and fabric thermal properties
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125673_d4882210b0ec1ffbd31e9997c1a873f0.pdf
2020-11-26
8
23
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125673
Thermal properties
moisture properties
sport wear
knitted fabrics
fabric porosity
Mounir
Hassan
1
Dept. of Textiles Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Single Woven Fabric Characterization in Terms of Yarn Diameter and Average Float "Theoretical Considerations and Test Results".
This research work presents an accurate experimental method for measuring yarn diameter and a theoretical method based on a scientific basis and, in the same time, easy, simple, and not costly with respect to cash, labor, or raw materials, to characterize the geometrical properties and constructional details of the single woven fabric. All formulae and equations are obtained by derivation and prooving. Single woven fabrics could be classified into two types: Floated and Extended. Floated weaves are characterized by regular yarn spacing, whereas Extended weaves are characterized by irregular yarn spacing. Average float was used, building on the theoretical analysis, to express the weave structure. Yarn diameter and interlacing method for each of warp and weft are important constructional details used to calculate maximum density of yarns in the fabric i.e. yarn weavability. Yarn densities are used besides these details in predicting yarn crimp ratio, yam cover ratio, fabric cover ratio, and fabric thickness. Assuming maximum set of yarns in the fabric, according to the values predicted, maximum yarn crimp ratio, and maximum yarn and fabric cover ratios can be calculated. Fabric tightness comprises warp tightness (weft intersections/ unit fabric width) and weft tightness ( warp intersections/ unit fabric length). Warp intersections/ unit fabric length equals picks/ cm divided by warp average float, and Weft intersections/ unit fabric width equals ends/ cm divided by weft average float. Maximum tightness could be expressed in terms of yarn diameter and average float. Using yarn count in addition to the above mentioned details, fabric weight can be determined either at maximum yarn density (maximum weight) or at normal yarn densities (normal weight). Fabric thickness is determined in terms of yarn diameters. Yarn volumetric density is determined in terms of yarn diameter and count. Knowing fabric weight and thickness enables calculating its volumetric density. The relative weaving density (the ratio between actual yarn density and maximum yam density) can also be calculated. All expressions are derived using elementary principles. Peirce's model of woven fabrics is modified in such a manner that fabric can be spread onto a planer surface. This methodology lets no need to many instruments used in testing fabrics such as fabric thickness meter, yarn diameter ordinary meter, and yarn crimp tester and helps reduce yarn waste as the amount of consumed yard can be accurately calculated. It helps also reduce costs of weaving by choosing the suitable weaving machine and its adjustments according to maximum set of yarns and fabric characters, and costs of testing yarns and fabrics.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125682_9d7e515495b6bcc164d9289e5e9cfebf.pdf
2020-11-26
24
32
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125682
Cylinders
Yarn Diameter
Warp
Weft
Average Float
Plain and Floated Weaves
Extended Weaves
Weave Angle
Yarn Density
Yarn Crimp Ratio
Yarn Cover Ratio Fabric Weight
Fabric Thickness
Fabric Volumetric Density
Relative Weaving Density
Tightness
Maximum Tightness
Hamdy Ahmed
Ebraheem
1
Lecturer in Textile Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Labview Application in monitoring Laboratory Spinning.
Cotton Spinning Technology specially Ring Spinning has been established many years ago, still the industry faces speed limitation as well as productivity without sacrifying quality and performance. A recently developed Laboratory scale Ring spinning machine has reached to a speed limit up to 32000 r.p.m. i.e more than 20% of the current standard industrial speed limit. This paper concentrates on monitoring the machine condition and its stability during the running of such high speed. In this paper piezoelectric sensors will be used to gather the Data ( vibration signal) in a textile spinning machine (Laboratory Scale -8 spindles) to monitor it on-line and analyze the vibration in the real time. The analysis will be focused on the instability or the out of balance of the machine. A Labview 8.6 Package with Signal Express 3.0 from National Instruments will be used in this application.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125875_f4c7346b07985f73f9e0e0b665aad178.pdf
2020-11-28
33
40
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125875
LabVIEW
Vibration
ring spinning
Signal Express
Piezoelectric
Ihab
El Sayed
dr_ihab2010@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Head of the Department, Industrial Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, K.S.A
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Developing a Real-Time (Labview Based) Productivity Measurement System for Textile Factories.
The main goal of this paper is to increase decision effectiveness in textile manufacturing through the design and implementation of a new real-time (on-line) LabView based software and hardware system for measuring actual and accurate total stoppage time of the machines in the entire factory. The data would be utilized in predicting the total productivity of any Textile manufacturing organization. The system was designed using a microcontroller and Lab View 8.5 from National Instruments. It was simulated on a circular knitted machine. The system could be applied on any number of machines after slight modification in the electronic circuits and the software
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125885_545b5aaf01d467fcb6b7f72760003b24.pdf
2020-11-28
41
50
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125885
Textile manufacturing
Labview VI
Microcontroller
productivity
Efficiency
Ihab
El Sayed
dr_ihab2010@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Head of the Department, Industrial Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, K.S.A
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Zahran
mbazahran_2007@yahoo.com
2
Electronics Research Institute, PV Dept., NRC Blg., El-Tahrir St., Dokki, 12311-Giza, Egypt & 3. Jazan University, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Department, KSA
AUTHOR
Yousry
Atia
yousry_atia@yahoo.com
3
Jazan Technical College, Electrical Engineering Department, KSA
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Fabric Hand Sew Ability Characterization.
This investigation presents an experimental study of the effect of bleaching-dyeing finishing on fabric surface characteristics, i.e. Hand, tactile, and Sewability characterization Instrumental measurements was based on measuring fabric tactile properties as a function of, fabric drape ratio, and fabric bending length, while fabric Sewability was studded in terms of fabric resistance to needle penetration, i.e. fabric Sewability, and fabric hand was assessed by determination the values both of the maximum fabric pulled force and work done through a conical shaped funnel. It was found that, fabric properties such as: bending length, drape ratio, strength, extension, hand, and Sewability, decrease with the increasing the concentration of both polyethylene and Fatty Acids softeners. The obtained results has shown that correlations between fabric hand-tactile-Sewability are quite high.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125905_5a67a3a474a4198d399d8ae5658e9755.pdf
2020-11-28
51
62
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125905
Fabric Hand-Tactile-Sewability Characterization
Fabric Finishing
Adel Mohammed
El-Hadidy
1
Professor of Textile Department., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Monuir
Hassan
2
Textile Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hamdy Ahmed
Ebraheem
3
Assistant Professor., Textile Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tuning PID Controller for a Textile Web Tension Control System Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique.
In this paper, a new method for tuning the parameters of PID controller for Textile Web Tension Control (TWTC) using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is presented. The robustness of the proposed controller is investigated through parameter variations and changing the textile web cross-section area. The simulation results show that the applied PSO-based PID controller has achieved good performance even in wide range of cross-section area. A comparative study is made between a traditional PID controller and the proposed one. The performance is shown to be better in case of the PSO-based PID controller.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125917_c36b0f10dec770ee103e5285beea8199.pdf
2020-11-28
63
76
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125917
Textile Web Tension Control
PID control
Particle Swarm Optimization
Ihab
El Sayed
dr_ihab2010@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Head of the Department, Industrial Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, K.S.A
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Wideband Log-Periodic Microstrip Slot Array Antenna Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide.
A new technique for designing wideband microstrip antenna on the basis of the recently proposed substrate integrated waveguide technology is proposed. In this technique, log-periodic slot array antenna on substrate integrated waveguide with different substrate thicknesses and different terminations is presented. The proposed antenna was designed using Ansoft HFSS simulation software package. The antenna is able to achieve an impedance bandwidth of 41 % for a return loss of less than -10 dB.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125940_f7c77e1b6b98b5df58fb483d10e7e1f8.pdf
2020-11-28
1
10
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125940
Microstrip antenna
Substrate Integrated Waveguide
Log-periodic
Rania
Abdalla
1
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering in Port Said, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Atef
Ghuniem
2
Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering in Port Said, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Abdelaziz
Mitkees
3
Electronic Engineering Dept., Military Technical College, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evolutionary Approach-Based Methodology for Egyptian Utility Restoration.
Restoration of a large electric grid after a partial or complete system blackout is a difficult task complicated by many factors, including unknown cause, abnormal operating conditions, infrequently used procedures and unpredictable system configurations. Large utilities must have different scenarios and tools to deal with this problem. The coordination and overall organization of the several aspects of the restoration process will largely determine the effectiveness of the restoration and its speed of progress. The most basic determinants of this organization are the relative roles played by the operator and the computer. Thus there arises a choice between two basic organizing principles: operator dominated principle or computer dominated principle. In actual power system operation, severe restoration situations occur infrequently. Therefore, when they do occur, operators have had little first-hand, on-the job experience. Even so, they are under pressure to restore the system as quickly as possible, while paying close attention to many technical details. On other hand the great progress in both artificial intelligence software and computer hardware, increases the tendency to fully automated the restoration problem, so that the operator plays the role of an observer or supervisor. In mathematical terms, the restoration problem may be described as a multi-objective, multi-stage, combinatorial, nonlinear, constrained optimization problem. Evolutionary Approach (EA) technique is one of the most promising artificial intelligence techniques because it is proven to be both very fast and effective when applied to a diverse set of optimization problems. In this paper a proposed Evolutionary Approach-based methodology is used to solve the restoration problem of a large electric system with multiple generation units and transmission loops. The methodology is applied to restore a sector of Egyptian Utility after a complete blackout. The obtained results show effectiveness and validity of the proposed methodology compared to pure human experience in Egyptian National Energy Control Center.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125976_b9a100faee62b0097fb8779343b3f5d9.pdf
2020-11-28
11
22
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125976
Power system restoration
Evolutionary Approaches
Power flow
Egyptian Utility
Magdy Mohamed
El-Saadwi
1
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
A .
Hassan
2
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
AUTHOR
R.
Ebrahim
3
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Developing a Supervisory Technique for Online Fault Isolation and Coordination Tasks.
The control of complex automated systems requires a supervision system that includes coordination as well as fault detection and diagnosis capabilities. The objective of coordination system is to enforce the plant to legal and safe behavior, while the objective of the fault detection and isolation is to detect and isolate the failures according to the observation traces generated by the system. This paper proposes a new supervisory control technique for online fault detection, isolation and coordination based on Petri net models. This technique has two components, a supervisor, and a diagnoser. The latter evaluates the faulty states without checking the properties that restrict the performance of the conventional dignosers to certain types of Petri net models. This paper also presents two-robot surveillance system, as an application example, to test the proposed algorithm.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126233_1a1fb84378c963a41821776f86b046d2.pdf
2020-11-27
23
34
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126233
Discrete event systems
Fault detection and isolation
Supervisory control theory
Petri Nets
Hybrid systems, Robotics
Hamdi
Awad
awadhaa@yahoo.co.uk
1
Department of industrial Electronics and Control Engineering., Facultyof Electronic Engineering., Minufiya., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mostafa
Gomaa
m_gomaa_eg@yahoo.com
2
Department of Computer and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Anwar
rag_gwi@yahoo.com
3
Department of industrial Electronics and Control Eng.,Faculty of Electronic Eng., Minufiya University., Minufiya
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Harmonic Based Strategy for Location and Sizing of Distributed Generation Insertion.
Technical advances and institutional changes in the electric power industry have resulted in a constantly increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) integrated with distribution networks. For the connection of new DG installations to the networks a variety of factors have to be taken into account, including technical requirements imposed by utilities to ensure that the DG doesn't adversely affect the operation and power quality of the networks. The use of power electronics at the front end of many DG types poses harmonic control requirements for their insertion into the grid. The attention is focused on the harmonic emissions. This paper introduces a harmonic based strategy for the best location and size of DG sources integrated with distribution network. Also, this paper introduces a new index called unified harmonic index (UHI) that is based on the values of voltage harmonic distortion, current harmonic distortion, and hosting capacity. The procedure is used to rank the available locations of DG and then examined optimum capacities of DGs in the ranked sites based on both the UHI and harmonic limit consideration in IEEE-519. The strategy is applied to an actual Egyptian feeder to indicate the best location and size of DG connected to the feeder as a preliminary study for the distribution network in Egypt for the near future as planned to allow the DG to be inserted.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_125996_9fa2a106f00410118350aa68d457b573.pdf
2020-11-28
35
46
10.21608/bfemu.2020.125996
Distributed generation
harmonic distortion
IEEE 519-1992 Standards
Power Quality
A.
Talaat
1
Electrical Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Sahar Sidky
Kaddah
2
professor of Electrical Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., EL-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Magdy Mohamed
El-Saadawi
3
Professor of Electrical Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed Adel
Mohamed El-Sayes
4
Professor of Electrical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Enhanced Performance of Desalination by Air Passing through Saline Water Using Humidification and Dehumidification Process.
Experimental and theoretical work investigates the principal operating parameters of a proposed desalination process working with an air humidification-dehumidification method. The main objective of this work was to determine the humid air behavior through single-stage of desalination system. The experimental work studied the influence of the operating conditions such as the water temperature, the saline water level and the air flow rate to evaporator chamber on the desalination performance. The experimental results show that, the productivity of the system increases with the increase of the water temperature and the decrease of the airflow rate. The productivity of the system is moderately affected by the water temperature and airflow rate and slightly affected by the water level. The efficiency of the desalination system is higher for My=12.6 and Ma=14 kg/hr at different water levels. At 80 °C, the productivity of the system is higher at different water levels and airflow rate. Within the studied ranges, the maximum productivity of the system reached to 0.81 kgw/kga at 87 °C for water and Ma=4.2 and Ma=8.4 kg/hr. A good agreement had been achieved with productivity calculations.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126000_bdf08233b3c6c4f9ec4ffb0de344c5d4.pdf
2020-11-28
1
15
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126000
Air humidification and dehumidification process
desalination system
ElSayed
Elagouz
elagouz2002@yahoo.com
1
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Abugderah
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, 7th of April University, Sabrata, Libya
AUTHOR
Abedalla
Muhra
3
Mechanical Engineering Department, 7th of April University, Sabrata, Libya
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Solid Loading on the Performance of Gas-Solids Cyclone Separators.
Extensive experimental tests were conducted to study the effect of solid loading on the collection efficiency and pressure drop across gas – solid cyclone separators. The experiments were conducted at four different cyclone sizes of 7.5,10,14 and 16mm, various particle sizes ranged from 70 to 510nm and various dust loading varied from 50 to 350gramsolids /kgair. The results indicated that the collection efficiency decreased with increasing the solid loading. The pressure drop across the cyclone decreases with increasing the solid loading for 10 cm size cyclone and no considerable variation is noted for cyclone sizes larger than 10cm. Also, the study reported visual observation of cyclone flow patterns during separation,
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126001_7cc467c382b8bee862978d4e3e26d162.pdf
2020-11-28
16
25
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126001
Cyclone separators
Gas
solids
Particle size
Solid loading
M.
Hosien
1
Department of Mechanical power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University, Shebin El -Kom, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Selim
2
Department of Mechanical power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University, Shebin El -Kom, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cost Analysis of Different Solar Still Configurations.
The enhancement of the productivity of the solar desalination system, in a certain location, could be attained by a proper modification in the system design. Therefore, different design configurations could be found in literatures. However, the increase in the system productivity with high system cost may increase also the average annual cost of the distillate. Cost analysis of different design configurations of solar desalination units is essential to evaluate the benefit of modification from the economical point of view. The main objective of this work is to estimate the water production cost for different types of solar stills. In this paper 17 design configurations are considered. Systems with higher and lower values of productivity are considered in this investigation. A simplified model for cost analysis is applied in this study. The results show that, the best average and maximum daily productivity are obtained from solar stills of single-slope and pyramid shaped. The higher average annual productivity for a solar still is about 1533 l/m2 using pyramid-shaped while the lower average annual productivity is about of 250 l/m2 using modified solar stills with sun tracking. The lowest cost of distilled water obtained from the pyramid-shaped solar still is estimated as 0.0756LE/l (about 0.0135 $/I) while highest cost from the modified solar stills with sun tracking is estimated as 1.288 LE/ (about 0.23 $/1).
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126002_c99edbccf603b0f910bb340df2b18bad.pdf
2020-11-28
26
37
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126002
A.
Kabeel
kabeel6@yahoo.com
1
Faculty of Engineering Tanta University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ElSayed
Elagouz
elagouz2002@yahoo.com
2
Faculty of Engineering Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Hamed Kandeel
amhamed@mans.edu.eg
3
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, University of Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor.
A Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor (BFBC) is designed and set-up to investigate the combustion processes of sub-bituminous Egyptian coal particles and wood. The effect of changing the coal particles size, with keeping the fluidized air velocity constant, on: gas temperatures, heat flux to the combustor wall, radiant-convective overall heat transfer coefficient and combustion level of coal particles is investigated. The highest combustion level is found at coal particles size of 17 mm. The heat transfer coefficient in the case of coal combustion is extremely greater by 500% than that of wood combustion.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126208_3acb59fc9f079887cdaab1299b045d96.pdf
2020-11-27
38
49
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126208
Combustion
Fluidized Bed
Egyptian Coal
wood
Aly
Abd El-Samed
1
Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Port-Said, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Theoretical Model to Predict the Performance of Centrifugal Pump Equipped with Splitter Blades.
This study presents the results of the theoretical model 10 predict the centrifugal pump performance when its impeller is equipped with splitters. The proposed methodology accounts for the constructional differences of the pump equipped with splitter blades as compared with the conventional pump. For flow through axial blade rings, there is a distinct influence of the solidity on the outflow angle from the blades. This analogy is used for the derivation of a slip factor for impellers with splitters. A loss analysis procedure has been presented to predict the performance of centrifugal pumps. The result is compared with available experimental results. The predicted values of head over the operating range of flow rate of the pump have been found to be in reasonable agreement with the measurements.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126166_0bed54e7ceae00bc2fa8fa8ae63bad1d.pdf
2020-11-27
50
70
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126166
centrifugal pumps
performance
Slip Factor
Losses
Berge
Djebedjian
bergedje@mans.edu.eg
1
Professor of Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Experimental and Analytical Study of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant.
Due to the continuously increasing demand for fresh water in the desert and remote areas, the development of non-conventional water resources in Egypt is essential. The most advanced and promising desalination system is the reverse osmosis (RO) system. In this paper, a 5000 m3/day RO desalination plant in the city of Nuweiba in Sinai, Egypt is taken as a case study. The measured data of the plant are recorded during 5 years of its normal operation. Also, experimental tests are carried out on site to investigate the influence of the main design and -operating parameters on the plant performance. The RO system is found to be sensitive to the variation in the feed water temperature, pressure and salinity. The used maintenance schedule is also seen to be suitable for the plant, since the change in plant performance during the operation period is not noticeable. On the other hand, a cost analysis is carried out on the RO plant components. The major factors affecting the cost of product water of this plant are the power consumption and capital cost. Surprisingly, the chemical treatment cost is one of the lowest in percentage. In this case, the power consumption cost is 35.1% and the capital cost is 33.6% and that of maintenance and repairs represent only 4.9% while the chemical treatment represents 10.6% of the total cost.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126197_de678169c55d2873a6217b63f363094b.pdf
2020-11-27
71
92
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126197
Desalination
Reverse osmosis plant
Seawater
case study
Nuweiba city
Berge
Djebedjian
bergedje@mans.edu.eg
1
Professor of Mechanical Power Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Mansoura University., El-Mansoura 35516., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Helmy
Gad
he_gad@yahoo.com
2
Prof. at Mechanical Power Engineering - Faculty of Engineering - Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ibrahim
Khaled
3
Sinai Development Authority, Egypt
AUTHOR
Magdy Mohamed
Abou Rayan
mrayan@mans.edu.eg
4
Professor of Mechanical Power Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Mansoura University., El-Mansoura 35516., Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Operational Parameters on Three-Phase Air-Lift Pump Performance.
Air-lift pump is a type of deep wells pumps. Sometimes, it can be used for removing water from mines or to pump slurry of sand and water or other solutions. The performance of air-lift pumps depends mainly on the operational parameters such as air volumetric flux, nature of lifted water and solid. The main objective of the present work is to study theoretically the air-lift pump performance under variety of operational parameters. A mathematical model simulating the performance of air-lift pump under various operational parameters was developed. A computer program was developed to solve the governing equation. The model results were compared with available published data for validation. There was a good agreement between the present results and the published data. The effects of operational parameters on the air-lift pump performance are predicated and plotted against the water volumetric flux and pump efficiency. The results showed that the water volumetric flux and pump efficiency increased gradually reaching a maximum value some where between 1 to 4 m/s, then slightly decrease with increasing the air volumetric flux. The water volumetric flux and pump efficiency decrease linearly with increasing the solid particles volumetric flux. The predicted results show that the solid particles density and diameter had slight effects on the pump performance.
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126200_71dc22f4ae61c5965e77c83a6cad14e3.pdf
2020-11-27
93
113
10.21608/bfemu.2020.126200
Air-lift pump
solid particles
Submergence ratio
Slug flow
Churn flow
- Bubbly flow
Three-phase flow
M.
Hosien
1
Department of Mechanical power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Selim
2
Department of Mechanical power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Minoufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
AUTHOR