2024-03-29T10:36:07Z
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=17860
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Identity as an Approach to Community Sustainability According to Society.
Madiha
Amasha
Sherief
Sheta
Ahmed
Rashed
Identity and sustainable urbanization one of the public issues that occupy the minds of everyone and of interest to the specialists and non-specialists, the most of what urban communities are suffering from the loss of architectural identity and the sustainability of construction. Research problem is to find an architectural identity for the construction of sustainable urbanization according to community partnership, as there is a gap to reach a joint relationship between identity and sustainability of construction and the concept of linkage between them. The research discussion how to leverage the advantages of a study of identity and relationship to try to find common sustainability of urbanization according to community partnership and the research aims to explore and study ways and frames as possible to confirm the interaction between the social reality of identity and the physical reality of architecture and sustainability of the built-positive results from this interaction. The research found the need to raise awareness of the importance of community identity and sustainable urbanization as well as to community partnership to achieve sustainable urbanization which has got an identity; the research also found a set of benchmarks which hopes will lead to the sustainable urbanization.
2020
11
19
1
11
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124272_aa042a4a3cc3d4d3e633691b0e8d4ed7.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Towards Sustainable Systems of Architectural Education in Egypt - Comparative Analytical Study of the Academic Programs.
Alaa
ElAishy
Saad
Saad
Nowadays the activation of the sustainability aspect in the architectural education in Egypt is a must for both the present and the future. It is not a matter of just one of the proposed orientations in the field of developing architectural education systems in Egypt, because the cone of this aspect represents the communication between the variations of present and the developments of future, and the fulfillment of the continuous modernization of the experiences and skills of the graduates. The research sees that the Academic Programs are the most important element in the education environment which affects the activation of the sustainability aspect - without negligence of the other elements - as it is a strong effective element on the efficiency of those experiences through the determination of the headlines of scientific content of the subjects. The research focuses in presenting the proposed vision on an analytical study of a number of modern and contemporary academic programs. These programs are different in orientations locally and globally. The curriculum of this analytical study depends on classifying the studying subjects according to the achieving degree of the sustainable thought in the architect to the following four groups: (1) The first group: Fundamentals of complete Sustainable Subjects (2) The second group: Fundamentals of Partial Sustainable Merged Subjects (3) The third group: Fundamentals of Partial Sustainable unmerged Subjects and can be merged. (4)The fourth group: Fundamentals of Partial Sustainable unmerged Subjects and can't be merged. The research in this study aims at determining the oriented strong elements which affect the general vision of the system and their effect on approaching the goals of the studying program. To reach this objective the following topics were studied: Introduction: The pioneer role of the architect to realize the sustainable development. (1) Sustainability and architectural education. (2) Academic Programs as one element of the educational sustainable environment. (3) Establishing the scientific curriculum of the comparative analysis of the academic programs (Studying stages). (4) Analytical study display. (5) Oriented effective elements of the general vision of the studying program, (6) Framework of the proposed vision. (7) Applied framework of the proposed vision and its test. The research concluded to number of findings which result from the analytical statistics of data related to studying programs details and the effects of the different alternatives flexibility among its elements on the evaluation of the academic programs in Architectural Department - Faculty of Engineering - Mansoura University.
2020
11
19
12
26
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124288_0cc18b3e04294249f36112ce1966a99e.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Rural Sustainable Development According to World Trends and Local Planning.
Nanees
Ali Alsayyad
Sherief
Sheta
The whole world has recently tended to focus on the rural development together with the urban development. The rural development is considered as a vision that reflects the political, economic and social status through the continuous process of development. Several and various policies and ideas for the rural community development have appeared. Each period has been characterized by the following: • The sixties-the beginning of the modernization process. • The seventies-government involvement phase. • The eighties- market liberalization phase. • The nlneties- participation and empowerment phase. . The twenty first century: the approach to sustainability phase. However, the focus now is on the comprehensive rural development, especially the sustainable together with its various dimensions and objectives whether they were economic, social or environmental. This is added to the in fluencies resulting from the urban development of the rural areas. Among these policies and trends that focused on achieving sustainability of the rural development are: 1) Rural Environmental planning,(R.E.P), and Rapid Rural Appraisal, (R.R.A).v The urban planning agency in Egypt has shouldered the responsibility of implementing the rural development processes in villages through the general strategic plan of the Egyptian villages, through analyzing its approaches and objectives, there have been found aspects of strength and weakness on implementation and that there is a gap between the objectives of the sustainable rural development and the real status of the current plans.
2020
03
01
27
38
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124291_6bca9b06a9c655e0572adbcc452b4919.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Rehabilitation as a Heritage Environment Investment Tool.
Asmaa
El-Badrawy
Alaa
El-Eishy
Heritage environments contain a set of architectural vocabulary that reflect the ties of society. Urban values can be found in buildings, urban spaces and the distinguished urban fabric, alongside other non-urban characteristics covering customs and traditions, and economic, social, and population activities. The extinction of our heritage environments has been observed as newly established areas are flourishing with the creation of several tourism projects. These projects depend on transferring legacy forms from heritage artifacts. As a result of investment requirements, such prototypes look economically successful projects and yet lack authenticity. In this sense, the paper studies the possibility of upgrading and development of environmental heritage of the entire heritage environment, and the effective role and contribution that can be achieved in social, economic and cultural dimensions. The study concludes that repairing dilapidated buildings should be coupled with actions taken to allow for future posts and long-term vision, and the potentials to play positive roles in the light of the sustainable planning of heritage environments without prejudice to their historical value and interest of the inhabitants.
2020
11
19
64
71
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124307_d7aba0a673e4ab261c0922215f3db3ff.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Analysis and Design of Microstrip Filters Using Photonic Band Gap Ground Plane with Fractal Periodic Pattern.
Hamada
Elsaied
Maher
Abd Elrazzak
In the present work, four different techniques are used in designing the microstrip low pass filters (LPF). These techniques include LPF with fractal defected ground structure (DGS), LPF with continuous minkowiski fractal element, multi-stop band filter with discontinuous minkowiski element, and finally a wide multi-stop filter with separated interdigcap shape. A microstrip PBG filter of minkowiski element and interdigcap shape was designed to operate as a multifrequency band stop filter. With an appropriate fractal geometry of minkowişki and interdigcap elements, a wide stop-band at different frequencies are obtained. A continuous sinusoidal fractal slots are designed to work as a wide LPF. A novel fractal DGS for the microstrip LPF is proposed. The proposed fractal DGS can provide better band gap, and slow-wave characteristics. The numerical results show that a LPF of continuous and discontinuous fractal minkowiski elements in ground plane is obtained with a bandwidth 0 - 3 GHz for a slot width 0.5mm. However, if the slot width is taken equal 0.2 mm, the bandwidth is increased up to 10 GHZ. With suitable choice of number of elements, one can control the filter bandwidth. With a discontinuous fractal minkowiski and interdigcap element in ground plane, the filter response is forced to have a stop band at resonance frequency of fo and repeated at 2fo, .. etc. The numerical results obtained using an analytical technique with the aid of a numerical package (Sonnet) which is used in microstrip analysis.
2020
11
17
1
9
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123545_99e8ce94a6f2eda8fd7b2707902b7efb.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
A New Technique for Controlling Hybrid Stepper Motor through Modified PID Controller.
Sabry
Saraya
Mohammed
Elksasy
Hesham
Gad
Due to the development of digital control systems, hybrid stepper motors became more attractive to be used in robotics and computer numerical control machines where they have to perform high precision positioning operations without any feedback sensor. However, at open loop control (especially at higher stepping rate), the speed response of the stepper motor suffer from large overshoot, oscillatory response and long settling time. Therefore, a closed loop control system essentially required for a good precise operation performance. However, due to the non-linear characteristics and the resonance problem of the hybrid stepper motor, it is difficult to settle the classical control systems with this type of motor. Moreover, the use of discrete pulses to drive the hybrid stepper motor in half stepping mode leads to jerky and noisy movements at high and low stepping rate respectively. The objective of the present paper is to use the PID control system to enhance the performance of the open loop control system to control the speed of the hybrid stepper motor for a given reference input. Also, a microstepping technique, which consists of sine and cosine waveforms, is also used to drive the hybrid stepper motor instead of discrete pulses. Therefore, a simulation program is constructed using MATLAB software version 7.7 to simulate the hybrid stepper motor performance in open loop, classical PID and modified PID control systems. Results show that the open loop control system suffers from oscillatory response at half stepping mode and form from large overshoot and long settling time at microstepping mode. Also, the classical PID control system didn't give consistent results. And, the proposed control algorithm gives a better performance than that of the open loop even when the system is subjected to a sudden load disturbance up to 41% and working at high motor speed.
Hybrid stepper motor
Microstepping
Half stepping
Open loop
PID
Phase plane
2020
11
17
10
20
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123565_32de4e58251536887d1c64a2d4f8384f.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Learning of Artificial Neural Networks by Genetic Algorithms.
Jamal Abdul Fatah
Azzam
Learning and evolution are two fundamental forms of artificial intelligence. There has been a great interest in combining learning and evolution with artificial neural networks (ANNs) in recent years. The training problem for feed forward neural networks is a nonlinear parameter estimation that can be solved by a variety of optimization techniques. Many researches in the literature on neural networks has focused on variants of gradient descent. The training of neural networks using such techniques is known to be a slow process, with more sophisticated problems not always performing significantly better In this paper a new proposed algorithm to learn the neural networks is introduced. This algorithm implements the effectiveness of the genetic evolution techniques to adjust the weights values of the feed forward neural networks. Simulation examples of the proposed algorithm produce optimal or suboptimal solutions in a small computation times.
Artificial Neural Networks
Evolutionary computation
Genetic Algorithms
fitness function
2020
11
17
21
33
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123574_66e03c8f048ca148dfdcc04b9736fabb.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Direct Torque Neuro-Fuzzy Control of an Induction Motor.
Fayez
Areed
Amira
Haikal
Reham
Mohammed
In this article a direct torque of the induction motor drive controlled by Neuro-Fuzzy systet. The proposed control scheme uses the stator flux amplitude and the electromagnetic torque errors through an adaptive Neuro_fazzy inference system (ANFIS) to act on both the amplitude and the angle of the desired reference voltage. Simulation results by using ANFIS are compared with those of the conventional direct torque control (DTC). The comparison results of Direct torque Neuro-fuzzy controller (DTNFC), illustrate the reduction in the torque and stator flux ripples. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by the simulative results
adaptive neuro-fuzzy Inference system(ANFIS)
Direct torque control
Induction motor
switching table
three phase inverter
2020
11
17
34
41
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123584_c15a9ba1d1612bee032d42caf85dc1b2.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Comparative Analysis Methods of Direct Torque Control for Induction Motor.
Fayez
Areed
Amira
Haikal
Reham
Mohammed
In this article we propose two approaches to improve the direct torque control (DTC) of an aduction motor (IM) such as fuzzy logic (FL) and artificial neural network (ANN), applied in witching select voltage vector. Slaulation results of two approaches compared with those of muveantional direct torque control (DTC). The comparison results of the (FL_DTC) and (ANN DTC) illustrate the reduction in the torque and stator flux ripples. The validity of the proposed methods is confirmed by the simulative results. The two approaches are explained in clear details which are designed using SIMULINK vader Matlab Ver.7.7 software package. Also, MATLAB2008/FUZZY toolbox is used to implement the fuzzy logic coptroller. Both systems are lawlated under the same conditions
Artificial Neural network (ANN)
Direct torque control
Furry logic
Induction motor
witching table
three phase inverter
2020
11
17
43
52
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123589_bea6a7b683c50539d8ac87a38df27048.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
H∞ Robust Controller for a Long VSC-HVDC Link Connected to a Weak Grid.
Mohamed
Rashed
El-Sayed
Abulanwar
Fathi
Youssef
Owlng to their high dynamic performance and flexible control features, HVDC systems are widely employed in power systems for dynamic characteristics improvement. This paper presents a decentralized robust control scheme for a VSC-HVDC transmission system. The VSC-HVDC system is used to connect a weak AC gird to a strong power system using a long DC link The robust multivariable H-infinity H∞ control approach is adopted for the design of the weak grid side controller in order to achieve robust stability and superior dynamic performance under large uncertainty in the short circuit ratio SCR of the weak grid. Small-signal modeling and step response Analysis are used to design the system controllers under different operating conditions and wide range of SCR variation. Furthermore, the His control system results are compared to that of a well designed PI based control system. The obtained results demonstrate robust dynamic performance under various operating conditions and Large SCR variation.
VSC- HVDC
Weak Grid
Robust Control
2021
03
01
53
60
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123602_3de013f4e1c22d3542f6b53a9b0862bc.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Acceptable DG Capacity for Radial Distribution System Based on Traditional Protection Scheme.
Mahmoud
Kandil
Mohamed
Osman
Magdi
El-Saadawi
Mohamed
Saeed
Traditional electric distribution systems are radial in nature. These networks are protected by very simple protection devices such as over-current relays, fuses, and reclosers. Recent trends in distributed generation (DG) and its useful advantages perfectly can be achieved while the relevant concerns are deliberately taken into account. For example, penetration of DG disturbs the radial nature of traditional distribution networks. Therefore, protection coordination will be changed in some cases, and in some other cases it will be lost which is very costly in that two cases. In developed countries it could be cost effective if adding DGs network keeping the traditional protection system unchanged. To tackle that point of research, authors proposed technique to maintain the old protective devices coordination unchanged up to a specific DG penetration level. In this paper, a framework is presented for determining the maximum capacity of DG penetration level to keep traditional protection scheme for distribution network unchanged. Applying that framework in the developing countries could save money and time during the integration of DGs to the network on a large scale based on country regulation. The proposed framework is implemented on a simple distribution network using MATLAB SIMULINK and finally the numerical results are presented in order to validate the suggested framework.
Distributed generation
protection
coordination
Autorecloser
Fuse
2020
11
17
61
71
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123620_6a7895a281e53a9149616ece057394ff.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Modeling of Variable Speed Wind Turbines with Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Studying Steady State Operation.
Magdi
El-Saadawi
Sahar
Kaddah
Mohamed
Abd El-Hamid Osman
S.
El-Drieny
M.
Abdel-Wahab
Wind energy conversion has emerged as a viable alternative to meet the increased demand for energy resources in recent years. Wind (arms interconnected to power system bring new challenges to power system operation. It is imperative to study the impact of variable speed wind turbine coupled to doubly fed induction generator DFIG on utility grid operation. A mathematical model has been developed to evaluate the steady state performance of the variable speed wind energy conversion system with DFIG. In addition a steady state converter (rectifier-inverter) model as a function of siring angles of the rectifier and inverter is developed and used directly to calculate the influence of DFIG on power system operation through power flow solution. These units are modeled as P-Y bus(es) to manage the reactive power generation inside the wind farmi. The paper presents and validates a model of DFIG suitable for operation in steady state mode and not only able to support voltage by feeding reactive power but also to fulfill grid requirement. The proposed algorithm is implemented and applied to the IEEE 26-bus system and the number of the equivalent wind turbines generating units WTGU at each generating bus is demonstrated and injected as P-V bus(es). The impact of WTGUs on active and reactive power of own generating bus(es) and slack bus at different wind speeds is also investigated.
doubly fed induction generator
Renewable energy sources
wind turbine modeling
power system operation
WTGU wind turbine generating units
2020
11
17
72
81
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123634_53dc355f1660ed0447e81d3b5f3210cb.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Implementation of Electronic Nose Using Neural Network.
B.
Khairallah
T.
Hegazy
Electronic Noses were engineered to mimic the mammalian olfactory system within an instrument designed to obtain repeatable measurements, allowing identifications and classifications while eliminating operator fatigue. They are used in several real-life applications such as food industry, environment protection, and gas identification. In this paper, an odor identification problem is addressed, where it is required to identify certain products according to their odors. An electronic nose is constructed using a number of sensors and a neural network to perform the identification. Experimental results showed that the proposed multilayer perceptron structure can identify new products with more than 90% accuracy.
Electronic noses
Odor identification
Sensors
Neural Network. L Introduction
2020
11
17
82
88
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123640_bd511d0b7d21d7e83817322c781198d2.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Applying PSO Technique for Optimum Siting and Sizing of DG in Distribution Systems.
I.
Mansy
A.
Abdrabu
M.
Salem
A.
Rasheed
The integration of distributed generation (DG) with the distribution networks is a challenging task. The size and site of the DG will have an effect on the voltages and operations of the distribution networks in the future. The advantages that DG brings to the system can be best utilized if these resources have beeo properly allocated in the system. This paper presents a new methodology to find the optimal size and location of the DG to improve the voltage stability of the system using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. Validation of the methodology is done using the IEEE 13 node distribution feeder. The results obtained from the power flow analysis and the optimization of size and location are presented.
Distributed generation
Particle Swarm Optimization
Distribution networks
2020
11
17
105
116
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123646_40554660d0b75eab854e5e80ceb49f20.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Analysis of Practical Parameters Required for Power Line Carrier (PLC) System Design.
El-H.
Abd-Rabol
Magdi
El-Saadawi
A.
Hassan
A.
Al-Sarraf
The increased demands of communications make the power supply on a way to migrate from a pure power distribution system to a multipurpose medium delivering power, voice and various data services. Transmission and distribution lines are considered as communication channels. A number of practical parameters have to be studied for appropriate design of any communications system. The main parameters of interest of the power lines as a data communications channel are: additive noise characteristics, modulation techniques and signal attenuation over the transmission line. This paper presents an analytical study of the main parameters of PLC system. A Matlab computer program is developed to analyze these parameters and can be used for designing PLC channels. The developed computer program is helpful in comparing different modulation methods and can be used to simulate different additive noise affecting the PLC channel and consequently design the appropriate filter
Power line carrier
Noise
Modulation
Attenuation
PLC transfer model
2020
11
17
117
128
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123652_cee368276a199215fd6fba01561310cd.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Variables of the Built Environment in Light of the Decisions of Economic Openness (An Analytical Study of Urban Change Pattern of the City of Port Said after Announcing a Free City).
Amira
Ibrahim
Osama
Farag
Mohammed
Elazab
It has been the second half of the seventies and early eighties a significant change in policy to the state and have changed economically significant due to the decisions of economic openness and the Declaration of Port Said free zone; and for many reasons, most important is the reconstruction of the country and benefit from those, decisions in the implementation of those reform. The return of migrants back waves of others planned or the Organization to the debtor of the negative impact on society and the construction, he was also the change in political and economic great impact on social mobility for the citizens of that city, which in turn reflected their culture and society. This has led to change the face of construction in the city and then change it so it can be worthy of study analyzing the impact of decisions of economic openness in urban of the city of Port Said.
2020
11
19
54
63
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124303_f8203a5261e451e92673c550ef3c7883.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Study the Effect of High Voltage Power Lines on the Results of Differential Static-GPS Applications.
Mahmud
Shetawl
Mohamed
Mousa
Some surveyors claimed that problems were experienced when one collects GPS observations beneath high voltage power lines. They had reported quite large anomalies. Still others had reported no problems beneath high voltage power lines. The current papers study the effect of High Voltage Power Lines "HVPL" on Differential Static GPS observations and results. The research introduces the comparative study for the results of a GPS network. The cases of study are chosen to illustrate the effect of different types and location of high voltage tower lines. Although the results of GPS network analysis have shown a very high accuracy away from tower lines, the worst case discrepancies in elevation ranged between 4 cm to 18 cm under or dear tower lines, and small values discrepancies in east and north (2-8) mm in position of points. Finally, available conclusions andrecommendations are obtained.
2020
11
19
1
11
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124318_d9858f45c020a1cb28089d6b30cd6e38.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors Admixtures on Corrosion Rate of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete.
Mahmoud
Imam
Ali
El- Agamy
Mohamed
Mahdy
Ahmed
Abdel-Fattah
Reinforcement corrosion is the main cause of damage and early failure of reinforced concrete structures. The protection system of embedded steel reinforcement from chloride induced corrosion involves several methods and techniques. One of these methods and techniques is using corrosion inhibitors admixtures (CIA) which added to concrete mix during mixing stage of concrete. These research aims to evaluate these admixtures (Sika Ferrogard®-901) in prevent corrosion of steel in concrete and their effect on concrete properties for fresh and hardened concrete. In this paper (CIA) used with different concrete contents and proportions. In this study, 150-mm concrete cubes specimens with high tensile steel bar grade (36/52) of 10 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length were embedded in each specimen during its casting such that 100 mm was fixed inside the concrete while the reminder 50 mm was kept outside. Three thicknesses of concrete cover were used; 25, 50 and 75 mm. After 28 days of water curing, specimens were transferred to dry for 24 hour, then the specimens were partially submerged in plastic tank filled with 6% NaCl solution Acceleration of corrosion rate test is achieved by continuous electrical current produced from power supply 30 volts for 240 hour, where volts difference was measured in volts between resistance 100 ohm and the reading was record every 12 hour. The corrosion current (Icon in Ampere) was calculated during the accelerated corrosion regime by using ohm's law by knowing measured volts difference and resistance. Faraday's law describes the relationship between section loss and corrosion current. Hence, calculate corrosion rate of steel reinforcement in concrete. The results show that for all mixes the increasing of concrete cover thickness reduces the corrosion rate of steel. Using 5% (CIA) by weight of cement where the optimum dosage of Corrosion inhibitors admixture from experimental tests is 5% by weight of cement reduce corrosion rate by 80 % with no side effect on concrete properties except bond strength decreased by 10%.(CIA) gave best results with concrete mixes which contains 15% silica fume and water to cement ratio 0.35 · (CIA) decreasing concrete cover required to prevent corrosion from 75 mm to 50 mm. (CIA) accelerate setting time of concrete, so it needs a retarded when used with concrete mixes.
2020
11
19
27
43
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124322_1c551bee8b212c3f01c06eaa396c51e2.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Productivity Performance Estimation in Egyptian Construction Projects Based on Regression Analysis.
A.
El-Kholy
Reinforcement corrosion is the main cause of damage and early failure of reinforced concrete structures. The protection system of embedded steel reinforcement from chloride induced corrosion involves several methods and techniques. One of these methods and techniques is using corrosion inhibitors admixtures (CIA) which added to concrete mix during mixing stage of concrete. These research aims to evaluate these admixtures (Sika Ferrogard®-901) in prevent corrosion of steel in concrete and their effect on concrete properties for fresh and hardened concrete. In this paper (CIA) used with different concrete contents and proportions. In this study, 150-mm concrete cubes specimens with high tensile steel bar grade (36/52) of 10 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length were embedded in each specimen during its casting such that 100 mm was fixed inside the concrete while the reminder 50 mm was kept outside. Three thicknesses of concrete cover were used; 25, 50 and 75 mm. After 28 days of water curing, specimens were transferred to dry for 24 hour, then the specimens were partially submerged in plastic tank filled with 6% NaCl solution Acceleration of corrosion rate test is achieved by continuous electrical current produced from power supply 30 volts for 240 hour, where volts difference was measured in volts between resistance 100 ohm and the reading was record every 12 hour. The corrosion current (Icon in Ampere) was calculated during the accelerated corrosion regime by using ohm's law by knowing measured volts difference and resistance. Faraday's law describes the relationship between section loss and corrosion current. Hence, calculate corrosion rate of steel reinforcement in concrete. The results show that for all mixes the increasing of concrete cover thickness reduces the corrosion rate of steel. Using 5% (CIA) by weight of cement where the optimum dosage of Corrosion inhibitors admixture from experimental tests is 5% by weight of cement reduce corrosion rate by 80 % with no side effect on concrete properties except bond strength decreased by 10%.(CIA) gave best results with concrete mixes which contains 15% silica fume and water to cement ratio 0.35 · (CIA) decreasing concrete cover required to prevent corrosion from 75 mm to 50 mm. (CIA) accelerate setting time of concrete, so it needs a retarded when used with concrete mixes.
2020
11
19
44
54
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124323_4889a91d89a4d0418d58dae1a1b191dd.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Effect of Loading Rates in Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands for Treating Polluted Water, Case Study: Bahr El-Baqar Drain.
Mahmoud
Elsheikh
Hazem
Saleh
Diaa
El Quosy
Abdallah
Mahmoud
Disposing partially treated or untreated domestic and industrial wastewater into Egyptian drains violates their water quality standards and makes drains water unsuitable for reuse and pollute the receiving water body. A growing interest in effective low-cost treatment of polluted water and wastewater has brought many researches on constructed wetlands (CWs). Many CWs have been commissioned to treat various types of waters such as urban, agricultural runoff, municipal, industrial wastewaters, and acid mine drainage. This study evaluate a free water surface (FWS) CWs -(by far the largest application CWs in Egypt)- used to enhance water quality in Bahr El Baqar drain which located on the northeastern edge of the Egyptian Nile Delta, and discharge its water to Lake Manzala which has many fishing activities and connect to the Mediterranean Sea. The full capacity of the system is 25000 m3/d, the amount of water is divided to three parts; five FWS CWs beds of high flow rate "HFR" of 0.344 m3-/m3-d, five FWS CWs beds of low flow rate "LFR" of 0.048 m/m'-d and reciprocated cells of flow 500 m3ld. The concentrations of different contaminants along the CWs system were measured and analyzed for an assessment and modeling of treatment efficiency. The effluent was compared with the Egyptian regulation of water quality in agricultural drains (Law 4/1994). Due to the high percent of agriculture drains, the concentrations of contaminants in the influent were relatively low, thus the percentages of removal for the different contaminants were as follows: BODs (52%), COD (50%), TSS (87%), TDS (32%), NH4-N (66%), POs (52%), Fe (51%), Cu (36%), Zn (47%) and Pb (52%). The natural vegetation also increased the value of dissolved oxygen in the treated effluent considerably. There was little difference in the removal efficiencies between the HFR and LFR beds in the system.
Polluted drain water
constructed wetlands
Free Water Surface
hydraulic loading rates
nutrient removals
trace metals
2020
12
01
55
66
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124334_ace196b1f00d398f837971f0e71dd5e2.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Investigating ACI 318-08 Punching Shear Provisions for Design of Isolated Footings.
Samir
Shihada
This study is concerned with investigating the punching shear provisions of ACI 318-08 with emphasis on Equation (11-32) of this code. For reinforced concrete slabs and footings, shear force resisted by concrete is taken as the smallest value evaluated from ACI Equations (11-31), (11-32) and (11-33). Based on the experience of the author in designing isolated footings, it is noticed that Equation (11-32) has never yielded the smallest shear capacity in isolated footing design, thus making this equation redundant in terms of punching shear design. In this work, Equation (11-32) is to be investigated theoretically and parametrically to prove its redundancy in terms of practical design of isolated footings
punching shear
Isolated footing
Column dimensions
Column location
2020
11
19
67
76
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124338_752b622f706bc89a6b0f8ab4b72b2d81.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Fault Detection and Identification of Three Phase Overhead Transmission Lines Ended with Underground Cables.
A.
Elmitwally
S.
Mahmoud
M.
Abdel-Rahman
In this paper, a scheme for fault detection and identification of thee phase overhead transmission lines ended with underground cables is proposed. Fault detection technique is based on mean square value of the difference between incoming and out going three phase currents of each section. Theses differences are compared against threshold setting values. Faulty phase identification is based on the analysis of three phase currents at one end of transmission line. The transient currents are processed by Discrete Wavelet Transform multi-resolution analysis. In order to find out the faulty phase, the absolute sum of the Wavelet Transform coefficients of the third level detail d3 of each phase current, corresponding to the frequency band 25-12.5 kHz, is computed over one cycle of power frequency. It is used as input to a Tule-base system to identify the fault type. Many case studies are provided to validate the proposed algorithm.
2020
11
21
129
137
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124636_3b9005502c972b1a788d0aa025c3cfd0.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Dynamic Test Specifications for Diagnostic and Control of Parameters in Tribo Systems.
Mohammed
AlNawafleh
it is study the control methods of the reliability parameters as well as a complex este device of tribo system will be intrudes. The parameters are regulated by the states a standards managing documents and standards of the enterprises. Its reliability and determine the optimum choice of tribo system elements. It is inconceivable without kemation about the processes of friction and wears proceeding (technical Tribo) in 1 each stage for analyzing and investigating the processes of the friction zone. ches, creation of tribo system with test bench parameters begins with search for the thon, which is the authentic source, are the tests.
pends reliability parameters
Tribo system
Friction
Wear processes
Diagnostic
2020
11
22
1
6
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124726_2a8646e47dbea0bb7a5c6ade7b6e8f44.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
The Reduction of Exhaust Emissions from Jordanian Diesel Vehicles.
Mohammed
Al-Dabbas
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate appreciable reductions in the particulate exhaust emissions from diesel engines by using a certain type of diesel fuel purifying filter installed on the engine The used fuel purifier is a simple, one step unit that removes 99.9% of the water and 95% to 98% of the dust, dirt, and other normal and natural contaminates found in all diesel fuels. Even today's "clean" diesel fuel will easily become contaminated during transportation and storage. Several test vehicles were driven under normal conditions for 6000 kms. The test vehicles were mounted by the test Diesel fuel purifier, and other 3000 km were driven to show the difference in performance. Mileage and driving type were recorded throughout this period. Different tests were carried out at several intervals of 50 kms. Diesel fuel consumption was calculated and gas analyses of exhaust emissions were measured. At the result of the tested 25% reduction of fuel consumption, 75% reduction of smoke; 10.4% reduction of carbon monoxide and 5.9% reduction of nitrogen oxide were observed.
Diesel fuel purifier
Diesel Engine
fuel consumption
vehicles in Jordan
Carbon Monoxide
nitrogen oxide
particulates
2021
03
01
18
27
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124668_c4103269d102fba71c0faf647f7e284b.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Convection Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop for Dilute Polymer Solutions Flow inside Multi-Channels Flat Tube.
Hesham
Mostafa
Tarek
Oda
Convection heat transfer and pressure drop is investigated experimentally, for the flow of dilute polymer solutions (polyacrylamide) inside multi-channels flat tube and compared with water. An experimental apparatus equipped with the required measuring devices is designed and constructed to assess the effects of the operating parameters on convection heat transfer and pressure drop. The flat Aluminum multi-channels extruded tube composed of 22 parallel rectangular mini-channels (3.6 mm x 3.85 mm) with hydraulic diameter of 3.72 mm. Different polymer concentrations are considered; 10, 20, 50 and 100 ppm. This work covers a range of Reynolds number from 300 to 1200 and heat flux from 15 to 41kW/m2. The experimental measurements for flow rate, temperature, pressure, and pressure drop are taken to perform the required analysis. Therefore, the average value of convection heat transfer coefficient and friction factor for different operating parameters are computed. The obtained experimental results show that, the laminar-turbulent transition occurs in the range of Re=1100-2000. Pressure drop and in turn friction factor takes higher values for laminar flow of polymer solutions compared with water. Friction factor decreases with increasing Reynolds number for both polymer solutions and water flow inside the flat tube. Surface temperature of flat tube decreases with increasing Reynolds number for both polymer solutions and water. Accordingly, convection heat transfer coefficient and in tum Nusselt number are increased. When using polymer solutions, the surface temperature of flat tube increases compared with water. Therefore, Nusselt number is decreased. The reduction value in Nu increases with increasing concentration of polymer solution. The average value for this reduction in Nu was about 15%. An empirical correlation for Nusselt number is obtained in the range of the studied operating parameters. Comparison between the obtained experimental results with the previous data is done and gives the same trend.
Mini-channels
Flat tube
Convection heat transfer
Polymer solutions
2020
11
22
28
44
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124705_06769a1fac485ec9cd8c1709a18d1938.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Fault Diagnosis in Machining Based on Statistical Process Control.
M.
El-Baz
In this paper, a fault diagnosis method based on statistical process control charts is proposed. The approach uses the knowledge extractions obtained from statistical process control charts and then extracts a set of minimal diagnostic rules by the experts in the field. The diagnosis performance of the proposed method is demonstrated using an experimental study. By means of the extracted knowledge, the machining process failures, and related rapid diagnosis can be identified. A practical system is presented to illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Statistical Process Control
Machinability
fault diagnosis
2020
11
21
45
54
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124667_49b109e42d219f55babf71a799451b85.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Discrete Heat Sources Mounted in Rectangular Enclosure Surrounded by a Single-Phase Liquid Coolant.
S.
El-agouz
M.
Bekheit
A.
Kabeel
In the present work, natural convection heat transfer from discrete heat sources mounted in rectangular enclosure using liquid coolant is investigated. Heat transfer from discrete heaters is non-uniform and should be accounted for by applying the averaging techniques. The averaged two-dimensional governing equations along with the standard k-e model and wall function are solved using the SIMPLE algorithm. The effects of the e cooling fluid type water and dielectrics oil, the different heat flux and time on heat transfer are investigated. The results are compared with experimental measurements. Results show that water gives a good cooling effect compared with dielectrics oil. Maximum heat transfer occurs at the heater leading and side edges. The heater surface temperature is highest at the top-row heaters. Results show also good agreement between the theoretical and experimental measurements.
Discreate heat sources
heat transfer
Electronics cooling
2020
11
22
55
72
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124701_e3da4382648beae6df43d7cbf1087790.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Effect of Air Recirculation on Compressor Performance.
Aly
El-Zahaby
El-Shenawy
Abd-Elhameed
Zakarya
Zyada
Khaled
Eldin
Mohamed
Salem
Rotating stall and surge are two aerodynamic instabilities in compressors. The instabilities limit the flow range in which the compressor can operate "surge margin". Surge and rotating stall also restrict the performance (pressure rise) and efficiency of the compressor. Compression system modeling is very important because development a suitable control system requires a deep understanding of the transient behavior of the compressor to be controlled. The model of compression system is used for capturing the dynamics of rotating stall and surge. Recirculation technique is used to eliminate the instabilities of compression system, where bled air from downstream compressor via bleed valves re-circulates to injectors at compressor inlet. The form of the modeling takes the four-state low order model which applied to design the nonlinear controller.. By using recirculation technique the compressor works in stable-regime. At the rotor speed ratio (N/Ndesign) of 100% and recirculation flow approximately of 11% the gain is 13%. At ratio from (60-80) % with recirculation flow approximately (7-9) % the gain in the range (22-25%). The higher gain becomes 40% at rotor speed ratio approximately 90% at recirculation flow approximately 8%.
Compressor performance
Compression system modeling with re-circulation
Surge control
Improvement stall margin
2020
11
22
73
81
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124716_c902ce69cb6e0df59bd7f7170f4fcd80.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Influence of Paint Type on Steel Corrosion for Marine Applications.
Abdou
Abdel-Samad
Yaser
Soud
M.
Zaki
The majority of naval ships are constructed of mild steel. Corrosion is a major concern in a maritime environment. This particular type of material degradation has recently received more attention by the marine industry. The present work aims to investigate the effect of recent coatings used in marine ship surfaces for preventing corrosion. Experiments were performed according to standard tests to evaluate and measure the coating adhesion to steel and to measure the corrosion wear rate if any for three types of coatings. An accelerated corrosion test was conducted to duplicate in the laboratory the field corrosion performance of a product. The results indicate that all under investigated types of paint have resulted in a reduction in the corrosion rate compared with the uncoated steel. A minimum corrosion rate of 0.8 mm/year was obtained for the coat "Hempadur 52140" compared to 2.1 mm/year for the uncoated steel. A microscopic examination of the corroded steel surfaces was conducted which prevailed pitting behavior with different degree. The minimum corroded surface exhibited few pitting attack in comparison to other specimens. Although the pitting attack of the surface layer (paint), one can drive a conclusion that sample surface without coating is aggressively attacked by pits.
2020
03
01
82
90
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124703_0f4c1a7c884442acfb07a7431175ce5c.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Numerical study on Natural Convection and Fluid Flow Inside a Tilted Wavy Enclosure.
H.
Sarban
Natural convection heat transfer and fluid flow is investigated, numerically, inside a tilted wavy walled enclosure. Simulating solar air heater, flat ceiling is considered as cover (cold temperature) of solar air heater and wavy wall as absorber hot temperature). The low describing equations are presented in, 1wo dimensional in Cartesian coordinates, dimensionless form by introducing appropriate dimensionless independent and dependent variables. The dimensionless form of the governing equations is solved by using the finite divided difference technique. Solving these equations, the temperature distribution and the hydrodynamic flow field in the enclosure are predicted and accordingly, local and average Nusselt number can be calculated. The effects of system parameters on the natural convection heat transfer inside enclosure are simulated. These parameters are Rayleigh number (5x103 ≤Ra≤ 106), the characteristic height ratio of the charnel (1 ≤ A≤ 5) , characteristic geometric ratio (1 ≤ L ≤ 5) and the inclination angle (10° ≤ ø ≤ 60°) on heat transfer performance are investigated considering air as working fluid. The numerical results show that, the character of clockwise rotating vortex is found to be, strongly, depending on problem parameters. Heat transfer is increased with increasing Rayleigh number and characteristic geometric ratio. To suppress the natural convection heat loss effectively, A should be equal to 2, L larger than I and ø between 20° and 40°.
2020
11
21
91
102
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124669_e968ea1b618b8b579653a17b39ceb322.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Database for Optimal Selection of Cutting Conditions, Forces and Power Consumption in Machining Processes.
A.
El Bahloul
I.
Eleva'
Fatma
Elerian
E.
Gadelmawla
Selecting the cutting data (cutting speed, feed, depth of cut) and the proper cutting tools play a significant role in achieving minimum production time, consistent quality and in controlling the overall cost of manufacturing. However, searching for a proper tool/insert-job combination calls for a huge amount of data and an extensive knowledge base and may take a long time and effort if it is done manually. In this paper, a software has been designed and established using Microsoft Visual Basic.Net and SQL server to store all different types of tool grades with their available cutting data, inserts, and tool holders for all materials and some machining operations (turning, drilling and milling) in a database. The software is capable of selecting the suitable cutting data, tool grade, insert and tool holders for each operation in two cases. The first case uses the maximum cutting speed of the tool grade (minimum tool life) while the second case uses the minimum cutting speed (maximum tool life). In the two cases, the software considers the constraints of power, efficiency, and maximum spindle revolution of the machine as well as the required surface roughness of the workpiece. The software is capable of calculating the machining time, intermittent time, force, torque, power, spindle revolution and total production time and cost for each operation. In addition, the workpiece material, required operations, cutting data, force, torque, power, the suitable tool grade and its manufacturer, insert and tool holder are displayed in a single report as a process sheet. Another report can be used to show the total production time and the total cost. A case study has been done to test the proposed software and it was found that about 34% of the total production time could be saved by using the maximum cutting speed, compared with the minimum cutting speed. On the other hand, about 28% of the total production cost could be saved by using the minimum cutting speed, compared with the minimum cutting speed.
cutting conditions
databases
Machining processes
optimal selection
Power consumption
2020
11
22
103
113
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124699_0ba7033cbf48d72067310003d22f2dd5.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Solar air conditioning systems.
Mohammed
Ali Al-Dabbas
The solar photovoltaic air conditioning system was built successfully with all of its part which includes the inverter which converts the current from direct current into alternative current to pass it then to the transformer which increases the voltage on the expense of the current to reach the required voltage and definitely the power to operate the system. The performance of any mechanical system must be evaluated to make sure that the system works successfully, in air conditioning design the COP (Coefficient Of Performance) must be calculated and here we got COP for the system about 5.1 and comparing it with another works, the computer program gave a result for the COP equals to 42 which is nearly the same taking in consideration that our systems data were taken for a period of 24 hours and the average of them were taken as the final results. (1-2)
2020
11
22
7
17
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124732_b1de27fc4286cbb7c47c3748e715c6af.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Thermal Stability of Poly (2-Acrylamido-4- Antipyrinyl) Thiazole Homopolymer and Copolymer of 2-Acrylamido-4- Antipyrinyl Thiazole with Methyl Methacyylate.
A.
ELAgamey
M.
Diab
A.
El-Sonbati
H.
Abd-ElGhany
Different concentrations of copolymer of (2-acrylamido-4-antipyrinyl) thiazole with methyl methacrylate were prepared and the reactivity ratio values of copolymerization were calculated using 'H-NMR technique. Thermal analysis of the copolymers showed that the thermal stability are intermediate between poly (2-acrylamido-4-antipyrinyl) thiazole and poly methyl methacrylate homopolymers. The activation energies of the thermal degradation of the copolymers were calculated using Arrhenius relationship.
Thermal stability
(2-acrylamido-4-antipyrinyl) thiazole
Reactivity ratios
2020
11
22
1
7
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124751_b824be8ff11e2cacaa37f029c84a70a9.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Syntheses and Characterization of Anti-Inflammatory Cupper II Complex.
Moamen
Refat
Mohamed
El-Garib
A.
El-Korashy
Mostafa
Hussien
The crystal and molecular structure of Dic4(DMF)2,Cu2 (C62 H54 C18 Cu2 N6Olo)was determined by direct method and Fourier techniques. The structure was refined by full matrix least-squares methods to a weighted R factor of 0.0705. The compound is binuclear with monoclinic. The two cupper(II ) atoms are bridged by four carboxylate groups, while the apical ligands DMF molecules. The Cu-Cu distance is 2.6147(5) Å.
Cupper(I I)
Diclofenac
crystal structure
2021
03
01
8
16
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124747_45f88f67b7dfffa4be26817292b89d7f.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Thermal Stability and Degradation of Chitosan Modified by Benzophenone.
M.
El-Halwany
M.
Diab
A.
EI-Sonbati
D.
Bader
N-(biphenylmethylidenyl) chitosan polymer was prepared, characterized and thermal stability was compared with chitosan. Thermal degradation products of the modified polymer were identified by GC-MC technique. It seems that the mechanism of degradation of the prepared polymer is characterized by formation of low molecular weight radicals, followed by random scission mechanism along the backbone chain.
N
(biphenylmethylidenyl) chitosan
Thermal stability and degradation
Mechanism of degradation
2020
11
22
17
25
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124740_831a681e6127284f73366eae5bce70fd.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Effect of High Concentrations of Alkaline Mediums in Wet Processing on Cellulosic Materials.
A.
Ramadan
A.
Hebeish
A.
El-Hossini
I.
Rakha
In this research, a study of the effect of good mercerization and cross-linking treatments on cotton fabrics structure and performance was made. The factors affecting enhancement of fabric strength after mercerization were investigated. The results showed that the caustic soda (NaOH) concentration and mercerizing machine speed are the main causes of increasing the fabric breaking load, tear strength and abrasion resistance. Also, for every fabric structure and weight per unit area there are optimum conditions of mercerization; i.e. for light fabrics the NaOH concentration was 260 g/lit and the mercerizing machine speed was 30 m/min, while for heavy fabrics the NaOH concentration ranges from 280 to 300 g/lit, depending on the fabric structure. When these fabrics were subjected to cross-linking treatments, the best DMDHEU concentration was 80 g/lit in the presence of magnesium chloride (Mg Cl2. 6 H2O) as a catalyst at 16 g/lit, the curing temperature was 160°C and the curing time was 4 minutes. Logically, mercerization improves fabric breaking load, tear strength and abrasion resistance by virtue of the favorable effect of mercerization on the degree of orientation and uniformity of cotton structure. When these fabrics were subjected to cross-linking treatment; there was a considerable loss in the tensile, tear strength and abrasion resistance. The good mercerized then cross-linked fabrics retained accepted strength properties compared to the raw fabrics.
Mercerization
Resin finishing
Mechanical Properties
2020
11
22
1
12
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124762_6019a5f8b315fa0308bba8cafecb9c64.pdf
MEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal
1110-0923
1110-0923
2010
35
1
Production Planning and Scheduling in Knitted Garment Mill.
S.
El Gholmy
Production planning is an integrative process of coordinating the demand for finished product with available resources. Production planner may work several months ahead of planned delivery to ensure that specific materials, production capacity, and reliable quality management are available when needed. Long-term planning (months or selling periods) is based on forecasts, merchandise plans, and budget. Short term planning (days or weeks) is based on customer order. Egyptian mills should be prepared to become manageable with rapid changes in order styles and quantities and start adapting the concept of mass customization. This study tries to get the best production planning and control system in knitted garment mill to achieve higher efficiency to reduce time waste and control of raw material supply and different processes.
Production planning
Scheduling
Knitting
Garment
Database
2020
03
01
13
20
https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_124769_0e767ca8cd0028142b6a5f55b687dc17.pdf