Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420211201Termite Phenomena (Its Effects on Buildings & Prevention Techniques).11014298710.21608/bfemu.2002.142987ENAhmed Mohammed Abd El-RahmanShehataArchitectural Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.Journal Article20020911<strong>Thi</strong><strong>s re</strong><strong>search is concerned with the termite phenomena </strong><strong>and i</strong><strong>ts extents in our region. It highlights this inseet behavior and its biological and sociological profile. Where does it usually come from? How does it affect buildings and how much damage it can cause to structures? Moreover, it introduces a guide lines to local Authorities and owners to protect new buildings from termite invasion. It also discusses the available treatments to clean infected buildings. It also discusses the side effect of each of these treatments on environment. Finally, the research concludes a set of recommendations to protect new and existing buildings from termites. </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_142987_991b349e42739dd9f04306a13b852784.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125The Impacts of Customs Changes on Traffic Accidents in Jordan.11314298910.21608/bfemu.2021.142989ENShaker A.MahadinMutah University-Civil Engineering Department-JordanOmer N.MaaitahMutah University-Civil Engineering Department-Jordan.Sultan A.TarawnehMutah University-Civil Engineering Department-Jordan.Journal Article20020811<strong>As a result of the Jordanian government's decision of reducing the customs on both new and used cars in addition to allowing the taxation of more than five year-old cars, more than 72,000 extra vehicles were allowed to use the road network in just fifteen months. In response to claims from different groups that the new law has resulted in an increase of traffic accidents, the Jordanian government has cancelled its decision after only one year from passing it. This paper examines the impacts of law changes on traffic accidents. It was concluded that the custom reduction and the importing of old cars have no effect on traffic accidents. Therefore, the government decision of canceling the law was not appropriate.</strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_142989_9d953ec0cd7a6c69d244569c319d6795.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125A Comparative Study of Two Numerical Methods for Regulating Unsteady Flow in Open Channels.142714299010.21608/bfemu.2021.142990ENMohamed Tarek Elsaied IbrahimShamaaIrrigation & Hydraulics Department., Faculty of Engineering.,El- Mansoura University., Egypt.Journal Article20020911<strong>Unsteady flow in open channels can be simulated by solving the Saint Venant equations to predict the discharge and water level in the channel during the future time series under the given condition. On the other hand, the operation problem is used to compute the inflow at the upstream section of the channel or a schedule of operation for the regulating structures of the delivery system to get a predefined water demand at the downstream end of the channel. This type of problem is also known as the inverse computation of open channel flow. The finite difference Preissmann implicit model was used to solve the operation-type problems in open channels, based on the saint Venant equations. The final linear system of equations was solved by the double-sweep algorithm. The computed results using the finite difference implicit model showed more accuracy and less oscillation than that obtained by an explicit model for all the numerical tests. The finite difference Preissmann implicit model was successfully applied to a nonprismatic reach of El-Mansouria canal between Meit-Ghamer and Sanayet regulator. </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_142990_fc7bd0d2ce25317a17be870457ed6b5a.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125Eccentrically Loaded Slender Columns Strengthened by High-Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete Jackets.284514299310.21608/bfemu.2021.142993ENAhmed M.YousefStructural Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt.0000-0001-9658-647XMohamed H.MatthanaStructural Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Mansoura Universit.y, Egypt.Journal Article20020911<strong> </strong><strong>The behavior of eccentrically loaded cracked slender High-Strength Concrete (HSC) columns strengthened by HSC jackets contain steel fibers and have cube compressive strength equal to 89.3 MPa has been studied experimentally. The results of these tests have been used to examine the applicability of the design requirements of slender columns of the Eurocode 2 (EC-2), the Egyptian code (ECCS-2001) and ACI 318-99 building eode, when applied to the strengthened columns. The testing program included 11 columns with slenderness ratios before strengthening ranged between 17.3 and 69.3. The main variables considered in this study were the slenderness ratio of the strengthened columns, the type of the steel fibers, the end eccentricity of the applied axial load and the transverse reinforcement ratio of the HSC jackets. The results showed that, eccentrically loaded slender and short cracked columns strengthened by HSC jackets contain 1% steel fibers (by volume) can be treated as new integral columns. Using a steel fibers into the HSC mix of the jackets reduces to a great extent the early cover spalling of the tested columns and increases the ultimate loads comparing with the same columns strengthened with HSC jackets without steel fibers. The three different methods for design of slender columns required by the ECCS-2001, EC-2 and ACI 318-99 building code can be safely used for design of slender columns strengthened by HSC jackets contain steel fibers.</strong><strong><br /> </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_142993_465e75ae7067a77efdb86cdd57ff4011.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125Artificial Neural Network Model for Predicting Discharges over Weirs of Finite Crest Widths.607414300010.21608/bfemu.2021.143000ENA. A.IbrahimDepartment. of Water & Water Structures Engineering., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.A. M.NegmDepartment. of Water & Water Structures Engineering., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.A. A.El-SaiadDepartment. of Water & Water Structures Engineering., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.G. M.Abdel-AalDepartment. of Water & Water Structures Engineering., Faculty of Engineering., Zagazig University., Zagazig., Egypt.Journal Article20020911<strong>Multilayers feedforward Artificial Neural Network <em>(</em>ANN) with back propagation learning algorithm is used to develop a computational model to predict discharge over weirs of finite crest widths. A network of size of 4-6-I is found suitable for this purpose with 3300 iterations a</strong><strong>n</strong><strong>d hyperbolic tangent (tans</strong><strong>h</strong><strong>) activation function The results of the trained, verified and tested ANN model are compared to the experimental measurements. Also, results from previously developed models based o</strong><strong>n </strong><strong>statistical methods are compared to results of ANN model. </strong><strong>Th</strong><strong>e effe</strong><strong>c</strong><strong>t of using filter a</strong><strong>ppl</strong><strong>ie</strong><strong>d </strong><strong>on the lead over weir on the performance of the ANN model is investigated </strong><strong>Th</strong><strong>e sensitivity analysis that conducted using the ANN model indicated that the most contributing variables to flow rate are the head over the weir and th</strong><strong>e </strong><strong>weir width followed </strong><strong>b</strong><strong>y the length of t</strong><strong>h</strong><strong>e weir a</strong><strong>nd i</strong><strong>ts height. </strong><strong>R</strong><strong>esults indicated that the prediction of discharge over broad-crested weirs using ANN is more accurate than predictions offered by other previously developed models </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143000_dcfb52990c3f633b1e580ad10dfd1bfe.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125Fundamental Natural Frequencies for Simply Supported Trusses.758914300510.21608/bfemu.2021.143005ENM. NaguibAbou EL-SaadStructural Engineering Department.,Faculty of Engineering., El- Mansoura University.,
Mansoura., Egypt.Nabil SaadBalatStructural Engineering Department.,Faculty of Engineering., El- Mansoura University.,
Mansoura., Egypt.Journal Article20021011<strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>The free vibration mode shapes have certain special properties, which are very useful in structural analysis, especially in the dynamic analysis. A brief review of eigenvalues eigenvector (natural frequencies at corresponding mode shapes) is presented The static analysis for a numerous number of N-Types and Warren system of trusses with variable parametric studies such as, intensity of loads, number of panels, panel length, interior and exterior he<span style="text-decoration: underline;">ig</span>hts, types of materials, ... and so on are carried out using stiffness method The eigenproblem equation is solved by common methods with condensation if required The final results for first and second frequencies are fitted to multiple regression programs to get the final empirical formulae. Finally, comparisons between exact and computed values of frequencies are demonstrated. </strong></strong></strong></strong></strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143005_400b1576c94fb0e3f5d955fa7261e2d9.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125Speed / Flow Relationship on Some Important Urban Arterial Roads: Fayoum City as a Study Case.10711614300810.21608/bfemu.2021.143008ENMahmoudEl-ShourbagyHighway & Traffic Engineering.,
Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.Journal Article20021025<strong>This paper was undertaken to investigate the relationships between speed and flow on urban arterial roads of Fayoum City. These roads serve some important areas in Fayoum City in Egypt. This research work was based on the traffic survey data eollected for Batal El-Salam and Ahmad Shawki Streets through 12 hours using moving car method. The traffic survey was carried out between 8.00 a.m. and 8.00 p.m. for every direction. The survey results indicate that the morning peak hour for Ahmad Shawki Street lies between 9.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m.; while t</strong><strong>h</strong><strong>e afternoon peak lies be</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>ween 15.00 to 16.00. </strong><strong>Th</strong><strong>e maximum traffic volume for both directions in this street was 8341 vehicle/hr. Also the morning peak hour for Batal El-Salam street in both directions lies between 9.00 a.m. to 10.00 a.m, which gives maximum volume 7927 vehicle/hr. In addition the maximum and minimum speeds of Ahmad Shawki Street were 38 km/hr. and 29 km/hr. respectively. While the maximum and minimum speeds of Batal El-Salam Street were 44 </strong><strong>km</strong><strong><em>/</em></strong><strong>hr. </strong><strong>an</strong><strong>d 25.7 km<em>/</em>hr. </strong><strong>r</strong><strong>espectively. T</strong><strong>h</strong><strong>e collected data wa</strong><strong>s </strong><strong>analyzed by using the regression analysis. </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143008_7cc8a11a3d6fa4ae7d8c6566e822517b.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125A Computer-Aided Methodology for Economic Management of Interconnected Power Systems.11414301810.21608/bfemu.2021.143018ENMagdy Mohamed AliEl-SaadawiDepartment of Electrical Power & Machine
Faculty of Engineering.,El- Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.Mohamed Abd El-MonemMohamed TantawyDepartment of Electrical Power & Machine
Faculty of Engineering.,El- Mansoura University., Mansoura., EgyptT. R.TawfikEgyptian Electricity Holding CompanyJournal Article20020811 <strong>Neighboring networks need to </strong><strong>be </strong><strong>interconnected for many reasons, such as: the benefits </strong><strong>of </strong><strong>pow</strong><strong>e</strong><strong>r </strong><strong>sa</strong><strong>les in either direction across the b</strong><strong>o</strong><strong>undaries which take the advantages of differential power demand according to time of day or seasonal<em>/</em>weather changes. Sharing resources in this w</strong><strong>ay </strong><strong>would defer installation of new generation, it would also involve sharing the provision of spinning reserve and reduce the hot standby reser</strong><strong>v</strong><strong>e requirements. In any interconnected power system, the most important problem facing the power system operators is the management of their own power system transactions (buying or selling the electric power) to achieve maximum benefits from interconnection. Some computer programs </strong><strong>ha</strong><strong>ve </strong><strong>bee</strong><strong>n produced to deal with this problem such as Multi-Systems Production Simulation Program (MAPS) package. The operators h</strong><strong>a</strong><strong>ve to run f</strong><strong>o</strong><strong>ur dependent programs to make a decision to sell or purchase elęçtric energy, which may take a long time and cause accumulated errors <strong>This p < /strong><strong>aper </strong><strong>produces </strong><strong>a </strong><strong>new computer program developed </strong><strong>by </strong><strong>using C++ language. </strong><strong>The </strong><strong>program deals directly with the mentioned problem a</strong><strong>nd </strong><strong>helps the interconnected power system's operators to take fast and reliable decisions. Whenever t</strong><strong>h</strong><strong>e power system has a missing load, the program can calculate the minimum cost to supply that load </strong><strong>b</strong><strong>y coordination between the system reserves and purchasing energy from other interconnected systems. On the other hand, whenever the system has surplus generation energy the program c</strong><strong>a</strong><strong>n detect the available power to </strong><strong>b</strong><strong>e sold to other systems and calculate approximately the price of sale. The program also, determines the units' commitmen</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>, and develops the generating units' priority list. Two example systems are used to show applications of the proposed computer program in both purchasing and selling models.</strong></strong></strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143018_c0be85bf73748a5ab78543796b1f3741.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125A Fuzzy Heuristic Approach to Unit Commitment.152614303110.21608/bfemu.2021.143031ENMagdy Mohamed AliEl-SadaawiDepartment of Electrical Power &Machines Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.Mohamed Abd El-MonemMohamed TantawyDepartment of Electrical Power & Machines., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., EgyptE.TawfikEngineering laboratories Mech. & Elect. Department Ministry of IrrigationJournal Article20020911<strong> </strong><strong>This paper presents a new approach based on the application of artificial intelligent techniques to solve the unit commitment problem. The proposed approach uses the operator experience, some heuristics, and the application of fuzzy sets theory. In This approach, load demand, reserve requirements, and production cost are expressed in fuzzy set notations. The "if – then" rules and fuzzy logic operations arc used to find the optimal solution. The heuristics such as dividing the load and generating units into levels are used to speed the solution. </strong><strong><br /> <strong>The approach is applied to two systems, one consists of sour generating units, and the other consists of len units. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach and that it has two advantages: its short processing time and the total operating cost computed is low comparing with other methods. </strong><br /> </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143031_b236166060617a5357bdf3373d0443b3.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420211201Simulation of a Digital Overcurrent Relay Using SIMULINK.273314303710.21608/bfemu.2021.143037ENS.EL SaftyArab Academy for Science and Technology College of Engineering , Electrical Engineering and Control DepartmentH.El-DesoukiArab Academy for Science and Technology College of Engineering , Electrical Engineering and Control DepartmentM. A.El GelilArab Academy for Science and Technology College of Engineering , Electrical Engineering and Control DepartmentJournal Article20020111<strong> </strong><strong>This paper presents the simulation of digital overcurrent relay through the graphic interface SIMULINK which is </strong><strong>on</strong><strong>e of the MATLAB toolboxes. The operating characteristics of SIEMENS inverse time overcurrent relay module was used as actual characteristics of the digital relay. The technique used is based on integrating the modeling of a loaded s</strong><strong>yn</strong><strong>chronous generator together with its digital overcurrent relay. The purpose of the paper is to provide a complete structure of the digital relay in order to che</strong><strong>ck i</strong><strong>ts performance. Various elements of the d<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gital relay are implemented as sing<em>l</em>e modules to represent the actual system. The computer digital relay module is tested under up normal conditions, and the results are very successful.</strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143037_599f8a751cf0620b557b6fd826f10982.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-0923274202101253D Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Turbulence Energy Spectrum in Swirl Jet.12214304710.21608/bfemu.2021.143047ENNabil H.MostafaMechanical Power Department, College of Engineering Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.Journal Article20020911<strong><strong><strong> </strong><strong> An experimental analysis and numerical computation of a turbulent jet subjected to Vortex Generating Jets, VGJ, placed at the exit of the main jet nozzle to generate swirl jet were conducted. The main jet had a R<sub>en</sub> about 11300, and the VGJ to main jet momentum ratio were 0.055 or 0 078. The activation of VG) was tangential (α=0°), </strong><em><strong>(</strong></em><strong>α =45") and </strong><em><strong>(</strong></em><strong>α =90). In Swirl Sets, the dynamics of the flow field structure were computed using a three dimensional Navier-Stokes code. The governing equations are discretized on 3D structured grid using an upwind difference scheme. The grid was building as 3D geometry and similar to swirl jet real nozzle. The use of the multiblock structured grid system and the arbitrary interfaces between the VGJS hexahedral grids and main jet hexahedral grids facilitate building a real 3D swirl jet grid geometry with changing injection angle. The macroscopic behavior of the jet evolution is discussed with the turbulence kinetic energy and its dissipation rate The experimental velocity vectors and Total Turbulent Kinetic Energy, TTKE, contours obtained with a four-wire hot-wire velocity probe The wavelet energy density is used to measure the intermittency and associated ener<span style="text-decoration: underline;">gy </span>content The theoretical and experimental results show that the injection deviates the boundary layer flow inside the nozzle into a number of sections equal to the number of VGJs. Each section characterized by its own vortex. The vortices, which are generated from </strong><em><strong>V</strong></em><strong>GJs inside the nozzle tube, are growing outside the nozzle at the free zone. VGJs enhance the jet-spreading angle over unexcited jet. The swirl jet has higher TTKE, than the baseline jet. The VGJs increased and spreaded the turbulent kinetic ene<span style="text-decoration: underline;">rg</span>y in the main (swirl) jet. The swirl jet with tangential injection and higher momentum injection ratio (α= 0, mr = 0</strong><em><strong>.</strong></em><strong>078) gives the highest TTKE. For swirl jet the h<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gher TTKE region is located at a cylinder layer of diameter 0.8 of nozzle diameter and moving horizontally in a section from Z</strong><em><strong>/</strong></em><strong>D=2 to Z</strong><em><strong>/</strong></em><strong>D=3 according to momentum ratio. Wavelete analysis presents that tangential swirl jet have a stronger effect on increasing the turbulent kinetic energy at the jet border, while, swirl jet at α=45° has higher power level at axial location. Further downstream, the total wavenumber ener<span style="text-decoration: underline;">g</span>y is distributed to a wide range of frequencies and wavenumbers. This indicates that a wide range of turbulence structures associated with the VGJs injection affects the velocity fluctuations and enhances mixing between turbulent jet and surrounding fluid. There is a good matching between the experimental and computational results.</strong><br /> </strong></strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143047_b362b237d8364669571458b1ede8b3a3.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420210125Momentum Biased Satellite Attitude Stablization Using PD Controller with Fuzzy Gain Adjustment.234014325010.21608/bfemu.2021.143250ENG. M.El-BayoumiFaculty of Engineering., Cairo University., Giza., Egypt.Journal Article20020926<strong> </strong><strong>Momentum biased satellites are dual spin satellites in which constant angular momentum is provided by a momentum wheel. The momentum bias is not sufficient to stabilize completely the momentum axis in space. Active control is used to assure accurate altitude stabilization. Control of the roil and yaw angles with and without yaw measurement will be analyzed. Control engineers prefer not to use angular rate sensors except for very special tasks and for short periods. The rate of Euler angles will be obtained by differentiation, with the adequate noise filters. Fuzzy gain adjustment is used for the case of momentum biased satellites without yaw measurement in order to minimize error. The gain, output scaling factor, of the controller is adjusted on line according to the current states of the controlled process. </strong><strong><br /> </strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_143250_f29fe7820b67ec9411bd602bd6df1472.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420211013Experimental Study of Local Scour downstream Stilling Basins.9010619941510.21608/bfemu.2021.199415ENM. M.El-GamalIrrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.O. S.RagibIrrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.M. M. F.SobeihCivil Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., Minufiya UniversityS. M.El-AbdIrrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department., Faculty of Engineering., El-Mansoura University., Mansoura., Egypt.Journal Article20021010<strong>The effect of using stilling basins on local scour phenomena, which occur downstream irrigation structures, was conducted out in the laboratory of irrigation and hydraulics, Faculty of engineering EL - Mansoura University.Experiments were carried out for different gate openings, flow conditions, and dimensions of stilling basins, using two types of sand as bed material. This research was performed for Froude number ranged from 0.26 to 0.45 for selected dimensionless relationships between the design parameters.Empirical relationships between the dimensions of stilling basins, flow conditions, bed material and scour hole parameters were developed from dimensional analysis technique based on the data obtained from the experimental tests.Generally, the obtained results showed good Fitting between the different parameters. The results indicated that the dimensions of the scour hole were affected by Froude number downstream the sluice gate.</strong>https://bfemu.journals.ekb.eg/article_199415_1eff2e165455b006b1d4517742c6fb33.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092327420211201Mathematical Model of Dam Break: Applied Study of Derna Dam.465919942110.21608/bfemu.2002.199421ENMohamed G.AbdallaJournal Article20021013<strong>The dam break is a very complicated problem and it can’t be foreseen exactly. Many researchers have studied the problem of dam break by predicting the behavior and the propagation of a flood wave using different approximations. In the present research, the study of dam break was performed using a mathematical modeling as a tool to predict and simulate the dam break problem. Two major mathematical models were employed namely BREACH and FLDWAV for predicting such failure parameters as well as simulating the flow routing after dam break. Derna dam (northern east coast of Libya) was taken as a case study of an earthen dam. So, collected information about Dema city and Derna dam were included in the current work. Piping failure was considered the most predictable one for Dema dam. For the current study it was shown that dam break cause a potential danger towards Dema City, since flooding occurs in the city for all hypothetical scenarios. It was recommended to predict the routing of the flow after failure due to lowering the retained water surface elevation in the reservoir and due to the use of levees and increasing walls heights in the city area.</strong>