Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Design of a Hybrid Power System for Electrification of New Talkha Bridge Construction in Egypt.11010395810.21608/bfemu.2020.103958ENEid Abd El BakyGodaElectrical Department, Faculty of Engineering - Mansoura UniversityMahmoud S.KandilElectrical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptKhaledNayelElectrical Engineer at Hassan Allam Construction Company (HACC), EgyptJournal Article20160522<strong>This paper aims to introduce an effective design of a stand-alone hybrid power system (HPS). The designed system consists of a photovoltaic (PV) array, battery bank and diesel generator. The presented technique proceeds in practical and plausible steps to estimate the rated powers of each component of the HPS. It will be determinant based on the expected loads, characteristics of the used PV module and the meteorological data of the region of installation. Furthermore, it can be applied to design a hybrid power system for electrification of any individual load either in rural or urban areas which are near to the main grid. Thereupon, it is applied on a case study (Constructing of New Talkha Bridge in Egypt). Additionally in this paper, various operational configurations are studied, analyzed economically to ascertain which of them the optimal and appropriate considering cost, reliable and pollutant emissions are. The results of the study encouraged the use of the hybrid PV system in rural areas in Egypt. </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201A New Multi-layer Perceptron Trainer based on Dragonfly Optimization Algorithm.111910396210.21608/bfemu.2020.103962ENMohy Eldin A.Abo-ElsoudProf.,Communication department., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura UniversityMohamedMorsyDoctor.,Communication department., Faculty of Eng., Mansoura University.ShaimaElnazer, lecture assistant at Nile academy, Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20160511<strong>In this paper, Dragonfly Optimizer (DO) was used to train Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). DO was used to find the weights and biases of the MLP to achieve a minimum error and a high classification accuracy. Four standard classification datasets were used to benchmark the performance of the proposed method. In addition, the performance of the proposed method were compared with three well-known optimization algorithms, namely, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) which were used to train MLP also. The experimental results showed that the DO algorithm with the MLP was very competitive as it solved the local optima problem and achieved high accuracy</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Development and Investigation of the Performance of a New Self-Aspirated Microbubbles Generator.1810397310.21608/bfemu.2020.103973ENAli M.Aboghazalademonstrator at Tanta University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Power Dept., EgyptAyman I.BakryAssociate professor at Tanta University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Power Dept., EgyptAly H.GadallahLecturer at Tanta University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Power Dept., EgyptEL-Shenawy A.EL-Shenawyprofessor at Tanta University, Faculty of Engineering, Mechanical Power Dept., EgyptJournal Article20161009<strong>In this research, a new bubble generator to produce fine bubbles was designed and manufactured through the interaction between a strong swirl and coanda flow at the edge of an exit nozzle, a larger bubble could be breakdown into fin microbubbles. A significant vacuum pressure was created at the throat of the exit nozzle to induce the atmospheric air required for bubbles generation process replacing high cost compressed air systems. This study covered coanda radius (0 and 20 mm), water flow rates 21.4 l/min and air flow rates 0.1 to 0.9 l/min. The results indicate, fine average diameter range between 64.3 to 87.6 µm depending on air flow rates and coanda radius. Bubble diameter decreases with increasing coanda radius and reducing the induced air flow rate. </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Vibration and Faults Prediction for Air Blowers – Case Study.91710397410.21608/bfemu.2020.103974ENHassanEl-RammalDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptSamyEl-GayyarDepartment of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptSalah H.El-EmamDepartment of Mechanical Power Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptJournal Article20160522<strong>At any production process, a significant part of the total cost has been expended during the maintenance of the operated equipment. To control this maintenance cost; choosing certain, clear, and effective policy is an essential for increasing industrial productivities, minimize related costs, and to ensure plant reliability and equipment availability. Predictive maintenance policy for rotating equipment had been used in the machinery fault diagnosis. This research introduces detailed elucidation for this methodology as a case study of an industrial air blower located in urea fertilizer production plant at Ain-Sokhna, Egypt, acting as an air atomization source required for the formation process of urea granules. It is considered as the main and more critical equipment in the production facilities and its breakdown leads to complete stoppage of the production process. The proposed methodology has been organized in certain phases; starting with the preparation of measuring instrumentation for data acquisition. Data gathering from various determined locations at the blower and drive electric motor bearings in different directions was performed. After that, feeding acquired data to the supporting vibration database analysis software on PC and followed it up periodically till high values were detected. Vibration data analysis performed on the basis of spectral plot, frequencies against amplitude. The spectral analysis was used to analyze blower faults and predict their causes and consequences to determine the time of machine shutdown and maintenance. Vibration overall values and spectrum compared on initial conditions, troubleshooting, and after carrying-out corrective action; also referred to vibrations severity standard according to the international standard (ISO-10816-1). From this study; effectiveness of diagnostic and prognostic methodology was verified to be applied for other rotating equipment.</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Capture in Fluidized Bed.182710397710.21608/bfemu.2020.103977ENShadyEmadMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, 35516, EgyptAhmed Abd-ElsalamHegaziMechanical Engineering Department, University of Mansoura, CO 35516, EgyptSalah H.El-EmamMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, 35516, EgyptFarouk M.OkashaMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, 35516, EgyptJournal Article20160929<strong>Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been globally gaining popularity as a viable greenhouse gases mitigation strategy throughout the last decade. Calcium looping (CaL) is an emerging technology to capture carbon dioxide from flue gases of fossil fueled power plants exploiting the reversible gas-solid reaction between the carbon dioxide (CO2) and calcium oxide (CaO) to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in a fluidized bed. In this work, a dynamic model of a bubbling bed carbonator, the key reactor in the capture process, has been presented. The model incorporate both hydrodynamics and chemical kinetics to provide more reliable predictions. The model has been validated with experimental data obtained at combustion lab, Mansoura University using a fluidized bed carbonator of 10.5 cm inner diameter as well as a mathematical model found in literature. The key parameters have been investigated to check for system sensitivity. Bed temperature has a non-monotonic effect on CO2 capture efficiency. Maximum CO2 capture efficiency was found to occur around a temperature of 675 °C. Capture efficiency increases with either decreasing fluidization velocity or increasing bed particle size due to enhanced mass transfer and increased residence time. These findings almost accord with published data. Also, the average CO2 capture efficiency was found to increase with increasing static bed height up to a certain limit. Further increase in bed height doesn’t considerably affect the capture efficiency. The proposed model can be used as a design tool that would enable the optimization and commercialization of calcium looping. </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Investigation of Gas Turbine Blades Cooling using Triangular Cross-Section Channel Provided with Ribs.283810397910.21608/bfemu.2020.103979ENHossam A.MahgoubEgypt Mansoura, Mansoura University, Mech. Power Eng. Dept .Ahmed A.SultanEgypt Mansoura, Mansoura University, Mech. Power Eng. DeptHesham M.MostafaEgypt, Tenth of Ramadan City, Higher Technological Institute, Mech. Eng. DeptWaleedElawadyEgypt Mansoura, Mansoura University, Mech. Power Eng. DeptJournal Article20161021<strong>Heat transfer has been investigated in an equilateral triangular channel with slide length 2 cm, hydraulic diameter D<sub>h</sub> = 1.1547 cm with ribs fixed to the internal surface of the channel to simulate the internal cooling channel near the leading edge of the gas turbine blade. The simulation has been done for two different ribs configurations (one wall ribbed and two walls ribbed) with different pitch ratios (p/e) of 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, Reynolds numbers varied from 20,000 to 70,000 at stationary and rotating channel with speed of 3000 rpm, with rotational number range from 0.39 to1.37. A numerical investigation is conducted using a commercial package (Fluent 6.3.26) where the flow and heat transfer characteristics were investigated. The results show that, the heat transfer coefficient for two walls ribbed is better than for one wall ribbed channel at stationary condition. Also, from the results it is concluded that the best heat transfer occurs at pitch ratio of 10 for one wall ribbed and stationary channel, while the two walls ribbed gives the best heat transfer at pitch ratio of 7.5 either for stationary or rotating channel</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Design and Performance Analysis of Cooling Tower Axial Fan Using the Thin Airfoil Theory and CFD.394810398110.21608/bfemu.2020.103981ENAhmad A.El SaiidMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, EgyptMohamed H.MansourMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt0000-0003-3575-0373LotfyRabieMechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, EgyptJournal Article20160727<strong>Numerical algorithms for the flow of cooling tower axial fans in the flow wise direction and span-wise direction have been transformed and solved by the Matlab application with a graphical user interface to obtain the optimum axial fan design. The analyses of the velocity and pressure distributions were achieved using the thin airfoil theory. The fan has a single rotor with no inlet or outlet guide vanes and produces a large amount of flow rate and a small pressure rise. Then, the air flow governing equations for the new design were solved using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS CFX-16.0. A comparison between the new design and an existed design (usually a mean line design approach) of the ammonia cooling tower fan in El-Delta for Fertilizers Company in Talkha City, Egypt was done. The efficiency of the new design is higher than that of the existed one. The new designed fan is capable to deliver more air flow or the same flow rate at higher pressures with the same power requirement. This enables the installation of new high resistance fill, which increases the area of contact between air and water to increase cooling efficiency. </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Protection of Pipe Networks from Water Hammer Effects Using Air Vessels (Case Study: Bosat Kareem El-Dein Water Network).11510398310.21608/bfemu.2020.103983ENKasem Salah Abd El WahabEl AlfyProf. of Hydraulics, Mansoura University, Dean of Mansoura High Institute of Eng. And TechnologyO. S.RagehProfessor, Irrigation and Hydraulics Dept., Mansoura Univ.A. A. R.ZidanM.Sc., Student, Irrigation and Hydraulics Dept., Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20160417<strong>Water hammer phenomenon is usually happened in water distribution networks due to pumps power failure or sudden closure, opening valves which lead to generate massive positive and negative pressures that may be catastrophic. In this research Bentley HAMMER Vi 8 is used to study the effect of roughness coefficient on water hammer wave in pipes.</strong><br /><strong> There are different methods to control and reduce these transient effects such as surge tanks, air vessels and pressure reducing valves. Choosing one of these methods depends on the design criteria, location and topography that strongly affect the decision maker. Air vessel was chosen in this study as a protection method for its ability to deal with negative pressure more effectively and more economical than other forms of water hammer protection devices. This study was applied on Bosat Kareem El Dein water pipe network. The research concluded that water velocity, length of pipe, modulus of elasticity, inside diameter of pipe, pipe wall thickness and roughness coefficient are the main factors affecting the severity of water hammer. Also increasing the size of vessels decrease the damping time of the surge pressure wave, but this should be regarded from the economical point of view.</strong><br /><strong> </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Theoretical Development of Mathematical Model to Predict Vertical Wicking Behavior of Flow through Terry Towels.11510398610.21608/bfemu.2020.103986ENHemdanAbou-TalebTextile Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516, EgyptHebaEl-Fowatyresearcher at Textile Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20160222<strong>Theoretical models have been proposed in this paper to predict the vertical wicking behaviour of fabrics based on different fibre, yarn and fabric parameters. The yarn and fabric models have been developed based on Hagen – Poiseuille’s equation on fluid flow and pore geometry through the yarns (inter–fibre pores) and fabrics (inter–yarn pores) have been determined. Factors such as yarn porosity, number of fibres in a yarn cross-section, fibre denier, yarn denier, yarn crimp, hydraulic pore diameter and fibre contact angle have been taken into account for development of the yarn model. Also, factors such as yarns diameters, ends & picks/ cm, fabric thickness, hydraulic pore diameter and fabric porosity have been taken into account for development of the fabric model. Differential mathematical equation has been incorporated, which helps to predict vertical wicking height at any given time considering the capillary and gravitational effects. Experimental verification of the fabric model has been carried out using cotton terry woven fabrics. The average of theoretical values of vertical wicking heights obtained from the yarn and fabric models were found to predict the vertical the vertical wicking height as a function of time through the fabrics with a good agreement compared with the experimental results</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201The Kenitic Facades as a Tool to Achieve the Integration of Environmental Techniques and Visual Forming.1810399110.21608/bfemu.2020.103991ENAhmed El-TantawyEl-MaidawyLecturer of Architecture Department of Architecture -Faculty of Engineering - Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20160718<strong>The world is witnessing the great development in technology, information revolution and integration between different disciplines that has a prominent impact on every day in all aspects of life. This revolution has clear effect on the construction and building materials, which converted the conventional buildings to intelligent buildings, this development added many features of the buildings to achieve integration between the indoor human comfortable, reduce energies consumption and increase flexibility in architectural façades forming.</strong><br /><strong> The research aims at studying the role of intelligent façades through the application of the kinetic façades as a tool for the integration of environmental wizards and visual forming, by benefiting from experience of its application on the regional and global architecture; it provides comparative analysis of three buildings:</strong><br /><strong> 1) Sea Towers Al-Bahr Towers</strong><br /><strong> 2) Kiefer technic showroom</strong><br /><strong> 3) Institute du Monde Arabe.</strong><br /><strong>The research concludes to develop recommendations to benefit from its applications on our buildings.</strong><strong><br /></strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Methods of Developing and Solving Slums A Proposal Study for Developing Slums in EL-SAFEH and EL-HAWEES Villages.92010399310.21608/bfemu.2020.103993ENMohamedSalah El DinProf. of Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura UniversitySaadMakramLecturer. of Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura UniversityDoaa MohamedHassanDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20160207<strong>Recently, Developing countries are suffering from rapid increase in slums. In Egypt, slums spread around main cites with a minimal control form the government, people build homes without any permissions and not comply with construction and health standers. In additional, public services offices, schools, hospitals, electricity, clean water and sewerage system do not exist. This research is devoted to present a proposal to overcome slums' problems in EL-SAFEH and EL-HAWEES villages. A survey was conducted among 30 residential families to define the problems, identify causal factors and people need. The research shows a lot of results and recommendations to tackle these problems. One of the most important suggestions is to build new compounds as a replacement for the old and dilapidated buildings that suffer from underground and sewage water or those that are nearby high voltage transmission lines.</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of EngineeringMEJ- Mansoura Engineering Journal1110-092341420161201Random Commercial Spaces Potentials and Problems.212910399510.21608/bfemu.2020.103995ENEman Farouk AhmedEl_sherbinyArchitect- Engineering Studies, Researches and Consultant Center,Faculty of Engineering Mansoura UniversityAlaa MohamedEl-EashyDepartment of Architecture Faculty of Engineering &ndash; Mansoura UniversityMona AwadElwazirArchitectural Department , Faculty of Engineering , Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20160527<strong>The problem of random commercial spaces and street vendors is considered one of the most influential problems on the urban environment, The random overstock of vendors in the life areas of the city results from the absence of accurate study of the presence of street vendors in the general planning of the city and urban space designs, it becomes a load over the urban space , while it is possible to be a good economic opportunity by considering it in the general planning of the city and its urban space designs , and it have to be in conjunction with a review of legislation commercial spaces, where we can get a comprehensive methodology to re-evaluate the commercial spaces in the city of Mansoura, for reducing negative aspects of the random presence of street vendors in the urban design of the city (traffic jam - crime - visual pollution.. etc), and also to be able to create a sufficient space for the needs of (the neighborhood - the city - the village - the region), where we can study the relationship of these spaces side by side while having in consideration planning rates of the city, to be able to get markets and commercial spaces can contain the movement of sales and purchase which conform with theories (visually - environmentally – design data), the research problem is the random markets and its consequent which requires studies, research aims to develop a methodology for the study of random markets to get its positives and negatives ,and to study the position of it in the general planning of the city to do a certain service, the research found to do a detailed study on the Conditions of the markets in the city of Mansoura, where we were able to study each market positives and negatives, then we can get a total studies of Mansoura considering to population densities and rates of planning for the city (with a future extension regions), where they are evaluating market conditions and needs of spaces, it can be done according to its position relationships with the surrounding urban space and the identification of each market, then the necessary time plans can be done whether by the total transfer or development (expansion or reduce densities by partial transfer), encouraging vendors to participate in the development of the market, also includes reviewing the governmental process of granting commercial licenses.</strong>